Osteoplastic osteoinductive materials in traumatology and orthopaedics

Abstract

A significant number of the disease or accident consequences resulting in damaging the bone system require the obligatory recovery of its integrity. Various plastic materials are the most optimal bone-substituting substances for filling defects along with metalwork. To date, over the last 17 years demineralized bone allografts (DBA) proven themselves as success-ful effective osteoplastic material the technology of which manufacturing includes the processes of demineralization, ly-ophilization (freeze drying) and radiation sterilization with the absorbed dose of 20-25 kGy. DBA based on donor tissues – cranial vault bones, have been produced for more than 10 years. This material has found its use in performing revision arthroplasty of the hip complicated by acetabular destruction, in surgery of the spine and face bone defects. Lyophilized spongy allografts which can be demineralized or not, as blocks, proved to be promising and effective material. Bone chips are used as a carrier in addition to the blocks. As for scientific and practical prospects, the CITO tissue bank initiated stud-ies in order to produce a family of biocomposite osteoplastic materials comprising of recombinant bone morphogenetic proteins (rhBMP), antioxidants, antibiotics, etc.