Skeletal muscle structural adaptability and plasticity for limb lengthening

Abstract

Muscular adaptability and plasticity has been analyzed during limb lengthening depending on distraction mode. Regeneration of the muscle fibers, subjected to degenerative death during distraction, manifests itself by formation of discrete myotubes, separated by fibrous scar layers. Local injuries often lead to formation of split fibers. Low-division distraction contributes to effective regeneration and adaptation growth of contractile elements, but during fixation atrophy occurrences predominate; after fixator removal the size characteristics of type I muscle fibers recover, but not those of type II muscle fibers. High-division autodistraction induces more complete recapitulation of postnatal growth, than low-division one; after the fixator removal the muscle fibers of the mucle been lengthened become hypertrophied, normal size relations of the fibers of slow and fast type recover.