«Шум керамики» как нежелательное явление в эндопротезировании тазобедренного сустава

Введение. Керамическая пара трения в эндопротезировании тазобедренного сустава в общемировой ортопедической практике зарекомендовала себя как износостойкий и биоинертный материал. Последние два поколения керамики «Biolox Forte» и «Biolox Delta» значительно повысили свою прочность. Однако появление шума в паре трения стало непредвиденным последствием ее эксплуатации в XXI веке при эндопротезировании тазобедренного сустава.

Цель. Оценить современное состояние проблемы шума в керамической паре трения эндопротеза тазобедренного сустава на основании анализа зарубежной и отечественной литературы.

Материалы и методы. В представленном обзоре проведен анализ зарубежной и отечественной литературы согласно рекомендациям PRISMA в открытых электронных источниках научной литературы PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, eLibrary. Оценивалось методологическое качество статей путем рекомендации MINOR. Поисковые слова: керамическая пара трения, скрип, эндопротезирование тазобедренного сустава, ceramic bearing, ceramic on ceramic, ceramic squeaking, hip.

Результаты и обсуждение. Шум в керамической паре трения, по данным опросов, составляет до 37,7 %. Есть множество теорий возникновения и механизма шума: импиджмент и нагрузка на край вкладыша, нарушение пленки, третье тело, микросепарация и резонанс. Однако по сей день нет единого мнения, чем является шум в керамической паре трения и как решить данную проблему.

Заключение. Проведя анализ литературы, посвященной керамической паре трения, было обнаружено достаточное количество нерешенных вопросов. Шум может сыграть роль предиктора нарушений в эксплуатации эндопротеза, что при накоплении базы данных приведет к более глубокому пониманию шума, методов его коррекции и, возможно, к своевременному предотвращению риска раскола керамики.

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