Characteristics of reparative regeneration of bone and muscle tissues for tibial defect filling using transosseous distraction osteosynthesis under the influence of electromagnetic terahertz waves (THZ) (An experimental-and-morphological study)

Abstract

Purpose. To study the characteristics of forming a distraction regenerated bone and histogenesis of the anterior tibial muscle through electromagnetic terahertz waves in tibial defect filling under transosseous osteosynthesis. Materials and Methods. The authors performed transosseous osteosynthesis with the Ilizarov fixator experimentally in 16 adult mongrel dogs, in the lower third of leg they modeled 3.0-cm bone defect which was 16.3±0.3 % of the segment length. The authors broke the fragment integrity at the border of proximal meta-diaphysis by osteotomy, after seven (7) days they started the formed fragment transferring in the interfragmental diastasis using the rate of 1.0 mm per day for 4 times during 30 days. The local impact of electromagnetic waves at the regenerated bone level proceeded in experimental group I (n=10) from Day 25 of distraction. There was no impact in control group II (n=6). Results. The stimulating effect of electromagnetic terahertz waves on the formation of mechanically proper regenerated bone observed when tibial postresection defect filling. The best vascularization of the anterior tibial muscle, sclerotization of lesser degree in combination with angio- and myohistogenesis signs suggested improving the main muscle function – contraction – in the long-term periods of the experiment. Conclusion. According to the study, it is advisable to recommend prescribing physioprocedures with terahertz radiation for orthopedic-and-traumatologic patients in order to reduce the periods of treatment, rehabilitation and limb function improvement.