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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2026-32-4-499-509</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3527</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка состояния пациентов подросткового возраста со спастическими формами церебрального паралича, поступивших на оперативное ортопедическое лечение: кросс-секционное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of the condition of adolescent patients with spastic types of cerebral palsy admitted for orthopedic surgery: a cross-sectional study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9096-9218</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мингазов</surname><given-names>Э. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mingazov</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эдуард Рифович Мингазов — кандидат медицинских наук, врач — травматолог-ортопед, заведующий отделением.</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eduard R. Mingazov — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Orthopaedic Surgeon, Head of the Department.</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насипжанов</surname><given-names>О. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasipzhanov</surname><given-names>O. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орифжан Фарходжанович Насипжанов — аспирант 1 года.</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orifzhan F. Nasipzhanov — Postgraduate Student.</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Onasipzanov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-3451</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долганова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolganova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тамара Игоревна Долганова — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara I. Dolganova — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher.</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rjik532007@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4244-5774</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гатамов</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gatamov</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орхан Ильхам оглы Гатамов — кандидат медицинских наук, врач — травматолог-ортопед.</p><p>Клин, Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orkhan I. Gatamov — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Orthopaedic Surgeon.</p><p>Klin, Moscow Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">or-gatamov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0266-6515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамедов</surname><given-names>У. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamedov</surname><given-names>U. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Улви Фаиг Оглы Мамедов — врач — травматолог-ортопед, аспирант.</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ulvi F. Mamedov — Orthopaedic Surgeon, Postgraduate Student.</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8996-867X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popkov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Арнольдович Попков — доктор медицинских наук, профессор РАН, Член-корр. Французской Академии медицинских наук, руководитель клиники.</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Popkov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Corresponding Member of the French Academy of Medical Sciences, Head of Clinic.</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dpopkov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени академика Г.А. Илизарова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинская Областная больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Klin Regional Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>499</fpage><lpage>509</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мингазов Э.Р., Насипжанов О.Ф., Долганова Т.И., Гатамов О.И., Мамедов У.Ф., Попков Д.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мингазов Э.Р., Насипжанов О.Ф., Долганова Т.И., Гатамов О.И., Мамедов У.Ф., Попков Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mingazov E.R., Nasipzhanov O.F., Dolganova T.I., Gatamov O.I., Mamedov U.F., Popkov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3527">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3527</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Детский церебральный паралич (ДЦП) является самым распространенным неврологическим заболеванием у детей, сопровождающимся двигательными нарушениями. Максимальным возрастом для выполнения реконструктивных вмешательств является граница двенадцати лет, но оптимальным возрастом для сохранения результата многоуровневых ортопедических вмешательств признается вторая половина подросткового периода. Анализ сформированных ортопедических нарушений и их влияния на походку, а также их особенностей в зависимости от ранее проведенных вмешательств представляет интерес с точки зрения определения оптимальных условий для выполнения реконструктивных операций на нижних конечностях у подростков.</p><p>Цель работы — в кросс-секционном сравнительном анализе оценить кинематические и кинетические параметры походки подростков с ДЦП (GMFCS I–III) перед ортопедической операцией; нулевая гипотеза — отсутствие различий в параметрах походки между пациентами с предшествующими ортопедическими операциями и теми, кто их не проходил.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное исследование включены 102 подростка 13–17 лет с ДЦП, разделенные на две группы: группа А (GMFCS I–II, n = 63) и группа Б (GMFCS III, n = 39). С учетом хирургического анамнеза в обеих группах выделено по три подгруппы. Всем пациентам проводили компьютерный видеоанализ походки. В анализе походки показатели представлены медианой с уровнем распределения процентилей 25 %÷75 %. Для сравнения использовали непарный критерий Вилкоксона (p ≤ 0,05). Взаимосвязь между параметрами оценивали с помощью ранговой корреляции Спирмена. Для сравнения встречаемости признака «паттерн crouch gait» применяли критерий хи-квадрат для бинарных выборок.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Из характеристик походки отмечено преобладание нарушений движений в горизонтальной плоскости (вследствие торсионных деформаций) у ранее не оперированных пациентов уровня GMFCS I–II и возрастание доли паттерна crouch gait в остальных подгруппах. Зарегистрировано нарастание декомпенсированных типов crouch gait в подгруппах пациентов после ранних вмешательств на трицепсах голеней. При этом выявлено достоверное отличие между группами 1А и 2А по признаку частоты встречаемости декомпенсированного crouch gait (критерий хи-квадрат, p = 0,002). Между прочими подгруппами достоверных различий по данному критерию не было.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Системный характер нарушения двигательных функций у детей с ДЦП, а также возникающие ортопедические нарушения подразумевают не только оценку и наблюдение за отдельными ортопедическими нарушениями локомоторных цепей нижних конечностей, но и рассмотрение интегральных показателей движений (GPS), а также кинематических и кинетических данных во взаимосвязи.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У пациентов уровня GMFCS I–II при отсутствии каких-либо ранее выполненных ортопедических вмешательств показания определяются контрактурами суставов и торсионными деформациями сегментов нижних конечностей, в то время как при уровне GMFCS III в подростковом возрасте преобладает паттерн crouch gait, остающийся компенсированным. У группы пациентов с выполненными в раннем возрасте удлинениями трицепса голени наблюдали развитие компенсированных и декомпенсированных форм crouch gait с высокой энергоемкостью движений, что необходимо учитывать как при выборе тактики хирургического лечения, так и при проведении последующих реабилитационных мероприятий и ортезировании. При выполнении многоуровневых вмешательств в предыдущий период, у подростков показаниями к оперативному лечению оставались торсионные деформации, рецидивы контрактур, развитие сгибательной установки коленного сустава, однако пространственно-временные и силовые характеристики движений при этом оставались на сравнительно высоком уровне.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common neurological disorder in children, associated with movement disorders. The maximum age for reconstructive surgery is twelve years, but the optimal age for maintaining the results of multi-level orthopedic interventions is considered to be the second half of the adolescence period. Analysis of established orthopedic impairments and their impact on gait, as well as their characteristics depending on previous interventions, is of interest for determining the optimal conditions for reconstructive surgery on the lower extremities in adolescents.</p><p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the kinematic and kinetic gait parameters of adolescents with cerebral palsy (GMFCS I–III) before orthopedic surgery using a cross-sectional comparative analysis. The null hypothesis was the absence of differences in gait parameters between patients with previous orthopedic surgery and those who did not undergo it.</p><p>Materials and methods This retrospective study included 102 adolescents aged 13–17 years with cerebral palsy, divided into two groups: Group A (GMFCS I–II, n = 63) and Group B (GMFCS III, n = 39). Three subgroups were identified in each group based on surgical history. All patients underwent computer video gait analysis. The gait analysis presents the parameters as medians with a percentile distribution level of 25 %–75 %. The unpaired Wilcoxon test (p ≤ 0.05) was used for comparison. The relationship between the parameters was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation. The chi-square test for binary samples was used to compare the incidence of the crouch gait pattern.</p><p>Results Gait characteristics revealed a predominance of horizontal movement disorders (due to torsional deformities) in previously unoperated GMFCS I–II patients, while the prevalence of crouch gait increased in the remaining subgroups. An increase in decompensated crouch gait patterns was observed in the subgroups of patients who underwent early triceps surae interventions. A significant difference was found between groups 1A and 2A in the incidence of decompensated crouch gait (chi-square test, p = 0.002). No significant differences were found between the other subgroups.</p><p>Discussion The systemic nature of motor impairments in children with cerebral palsy and the resulting orthopedic disorders, necessitate not only the assessment and monitoring of individual orthopedic impairments of the lower extremity locomotor chains but also the consideration of integrated movement indices (GPS), as well as kinematic and kinetic data in their interrelationships.</p><p>Conclusion In patients with GMFCS levels I–II and no previous orthopedic interventions, indications for surgical treatment are determined by joint contractures and torsional deformities of the lower extremity segments. In patients with GMFCS level III, the crouch gait pattern, which remains compensated, predominates in adolescence. In the group of patients with triceps surae lengthening performed at an early age, the development of compensated and decompensated types of crouch gait with high-energy movements was observed. This should be taken into account both when choosing a surgical treatment strategy and during subsequent rehabilitation measures and orthotics. In adolescents with previous multilevel interventions, torsional deformities, recurrent contractures, and the development of knee flexion remained indications for surgical treatment. However, the spatiotemporal and strength characteristics of movements remained relatively high.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спастическая диплегия</kwd><kwd>кросс-секционное исследование</kwd><kwd>crouch gait</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spastic diplegia</kwd><kwd>cross-sectional study</kwd><kwd>crouch gait</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Дополнительные источники финансирования не привлекались</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted without additional funding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valluri H, Mohanty M, Mongil CR, et al. Investigating the burden of cerebral palsy in lowand middle-income countries: Implications and priorities for pediatric neurology. 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