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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2026-32-3-296-307</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3494</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бедренно-большеберцовое синостозирование при перипротезной инфекции: анализ факторов, влияющих на неблагоприятный исход</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Femorotibial synostosis in the management of periprosthetic infection: analysis of the factors associated with adverse outcome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0176-0090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бугаев</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bugaev</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глеб Александрович Бугаев — врач-травматолог-ортопед</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gleb A. Bugaev — Orthopaedic Surgeon</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glebbugaev97@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2912-6291</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградский</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradsky</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Евгеньевич Виноградский — кандидат медицинских наук, врач-травматолог-ортопед, ассистент кафедры</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander E. Vinogradsky — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Orthopaedic Surgeon, Assistant Professor</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vinalexc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-5467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борзунов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borzunov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Юрьевич Борзунов — доктор медицинских наук, врач-травматолог-ортопед, профессор кафедры</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Yu. Borzunov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Orthopaedic Surgeon, Professor of the Department</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borzunov@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Свердловский областной клинический психоневрологический госпиталь для ветеранов войн</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital for war veterans</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный медицинский университет; Свердловский областной клинический психоневрологический госпиталь для ветеранов войн</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University; Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital for war veterans</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>296</fpage><lpage>307</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бугаев Г.А., Виноградский А.Е., Борзунов Д.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бугаев Г.А., Виноградский А.Е., Борзунов Д.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bugaev G.A., Vinogradsky A.E., Borzunov D.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3494">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3494</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Бедренно-большеберцовое синостозирование (ББС) является одной из основных спасательных хирургических процедур при неудачных исходах тотальной артропластики коленного сустава, осложненных перипротезной инфекцией (ППИ). Несмотря на широкое применение данной методики, клинические результаты ББС характеризуются высокой вариабельностью, что указывает на значимую роль совокупности пациент-ассоциированных, инфекционных и хирургических факторов в формировании исходов лечения. Анализ предикторов неблагоприятного исхода синостозирования представляет практический интерес для оптимизации технологии хирургического лечения и прогнозирования результатов.</p><p>Цель работы — оценить факторы, ассоциированные с неблагоприятным течением и исходами ББС, как варианта восстановления опороспособности конечности, у пациентов с ППИ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное исследование включены 46 пациентов, перенесших ББС по поводу ППИ. Проанализировано влияние пациент-ассоциированных (пол, возраст, индекс массы тела, сопутствующие заболевания), инфекционных (тип ППИ по D.T. Tsukayama, микробиологический профиль) и хирургических факторов (число предшествующих санирующих операций, анатомо-функциональные особенности костных дефектов по AORI, метод фиксации) на развитие неблагоприятных исходов. Использован однофакторный бинарный логистический регрессионный анализ с расчетом отношения шансов (ОШ) и 95 % доверительного интервала (95 % ДИ). Прогностическую значимость модели оценивали с применением дискриминантного анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Неблагоприятные исходы ББС статистически значимо ассоциировались с наличием ревматоидного артрита (ОШ = 6,89; 95 % ДИ 3,78–12,35; p = 0,002), иммунодефицитных состояний (ОШ = 2,7; 95 % ДИ 0,44–8,24; p = 0,02) и преобладанием грамотрицательной микрофлоры (ОШ = 7,1; 95 % ДИ 1,23–35,77; p = 0,028). Существенное влияние на функциональные результаты и остаточное укорочение конечности оказывали крупные по протяженности костные дефекты (III тип по AORI) и проведение пяти и более санирующих операций. Применение интрамедуллярного стержня для фиксации коррелировалось с повышением риска системных осложнений (ОШ = 6,69; 95 % ДИ 1,33–9,9; p = 0,035) и выраженных функциональных ограничений (ОШ = 10,67; 95 % ДИ 1,201–15,72; p = 0,034). Установлена прямая зависимость между числом факторов риска и вероятностью неблагоприятного исхода (p &lt; 0,001). Построенная прогностическая модель обладала чувствительностью (77,8 %) и специфичностью (85,7 %).</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Полученные данные говорят о гетерогенной природе неблагоприятных исходов ББС. Важным является не изолированное наличие отдельных факторов, а их кумулятивный эффект. Такой характер взаимосвязей объясняет высокую вариабельность клинических результатов, что создает потребность в интегральной оценке риска и разработке хирургического алгоритма лечения пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Неблагоприятные исходы ББС при ППИ обусловлены совокупным влиянием пациент-ассоциированных, инфекционных и хирургических факторов. Наибольшее значение имеют коморбидный фон пациента, микробиологический профиль инфекции, сложность сформированных анатомо-функциональных изменений конечности при костных дефектах и выбранный метод фиксации. Комплексная оценка факторов риска позволяет повысить точность прогнозирования исходов лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction Femorotibial synostosis (FTS) is a primary salvage surgical procedure for failed total knee arthroplasty complicated by periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Despite its widespread use, clinical outcomes with FTS are highly variable, indicating the significant role of a combination of patient-related, infectious, and surgical factors in shaping treatment outcomes. Analysis of the factors that lead to failed synostosis outcomes is of practical interest for optimizing surgical treatment techniques and predicting outcomes.</p><p>The purpose of the study was to evaluate factors associated with an FTS adverse course and outcomes as an option for restoring limb weight-bearing ability in patients with PJI.</p><p>Materials and methods A retrospective study included 46 patients who underwent FTS for PJI. The influence of patient-related (gender, age, body mass index, comorbidities), infectious (PJI type according to D.T. Tsukayama, microbiological profile), and surgical factors (number of previous debridement surgeries, anatomical and functional features of bone defects according to AORI, fixation method) associated with poor outcomes was analyzed. Univariate binary logistic regression analysis was used with calculation of odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI). The prognostic significance of the model was assessed using discriminant analysis.</p><p>Results Adverse FTS outcomes were statistically significantly associated with rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 6.89; 95 % CI 3.78–12.35; p = 0.002), immunodeficiency states (OR = 2.7; 95 % CI 0.44–8.24; p = 0.02) and the predominance of gram-negative microflora (OR = 7.1; 95 % CI 1.23–35.77; p = 0.028). Large bone defects (AORI type III) and five or more debridement surgeries had a significant impact on functional results and residual limb shortening. The use of an intramedullary nail for fixation correlated with an increased risk of systemic complications (OR = 6.69; 95 % CI 1.33–9.9; p = 0.035) and severe functional limitations (OR = 10.67; 95 % CI 1.201–15.72; p = 0.034). A direct relationship was established between the number of risk factors and the probability of adverse outcome (p &lt; 0.001). The constructed prognostic model had sensitivity (77.8 %) and specificity (85.7 %).</p><p>Discussion The findings obtained indicate the heterogeneous nature of adverse FTS outcomes. The cumulative effect of individual factors, rather than their isolated presence, is important. This nature of the relationships explains the high variability of clinical outcomes, creating the need for an integrated risk assessment and the development of a surgical treatment algorithm for patients.</p><p>Conclusion Adverse FTS outcomes in PJI results from the combined impact of patient-related, infectious, and surgical factors. The most significant factors are the patient's comorbidity, the microbiological profile of the infection, the complexity of the anatomical and functional changes in the limb due to bone defects, and the chosen fixation method. A comprehensive assessment of risk factors allows for more accurate prediction of treatment outcomes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бедренно-большеберцовое синостозирование</kwd><kwd>артродез коленного сустава</kwd><kwd>перипротезная инфекция</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>неблагоприятный исход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>femorotibial synostosis</kwd><kwd>knee arthrodesis</kwd><kwd>periprosthetic infection</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>adverse outcome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mabry TM, Jacofsky DJ, Haidukewych GJ, Hanssen AD. Comparison of intramedullary nailing and external fixation knee arthrodesis for the infected knee replacement. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007;464:11-15. doi: 10.1097/BLO.0b013e31806a9191.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mabry TM, Jacofsky DJ, Haidukewych GJ, Hanssen AD. 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