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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2026-32-2-244-253</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3470</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности ремоделирования суставных структур при протезировании смежного сегмента конечности имплантатом с кальций-фосфатным покрытием</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of adjacent joint structures remodeling after prosthetic application of a tibial calcium-phosphate coated implant</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-0372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ступина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stupina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Анатольевна Ступина — доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Stupina — Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">StupinaSTA@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-3597</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еманов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emanov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Александрович Еманов — кандидат ветеринарных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Emanov — Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a_eman@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8949-6345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Павлович Кузнецов — доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>Курган</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor P. Kuznetsov — Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of Laboratory</p><p>Kurgan</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wpkuzn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии  имени академика Г.А. Илизарова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии  имени академика Г.А. Илизарова; Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics; Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>244</fpage><lpage>253</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ступина Т.А., Еманов А.А., Кузнецов В.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ступина Т.А., Еманов А.А., Кузнецов В.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stupina T.A., Emanov A.A., Kuznetsov V.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3470">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3470</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Изучение особенностей реорганизации компонентов смежного с протезом сустава и определение предикторов артроза являются залогом успешного восстановления функции протезируемой конечности.</p><p>Цель работы — оценить структурную реорганизацию основных компонентов сустава в отдаленные сроки после протезирования голени имплантатом с кальций-фосфатным покрытием.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на пяти интактных и шести опытных беспородных самцах собак, возраст — (1,8 ± 0,5) лет, вес — (19,0 ± 1,2) кг. Моделировали культю большеберцовой кости на уровне верхней трети диафиза. Через 2,5 месяца устанавливали имплантат из Ti6Al4V с кальций-фосфатным покрытием. Этапы исследования — шесть и 12 месяцев после протезирования. Гистоморфометрия синовиальной оболочки и остеохондрального компонента большеберцового плато выполнена по полутонким и парафиновым срезам на микроскопе AxioScope.A1 с ПО Zenblue (CarlZeissMicroImagingGmbH, Германия).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Слабо выраженный синовит, выявленный через шесть месяцев (гиперплазия покровного слоя, преобладание макрофагоподобных синовиоцитов, плазматические, тучные клетки), через 12 месяцев имел обратимый характер в 70 % наблюдений. Регистрировали признаки нарушения кровоснабжения синовиальной оболочки. Изменения суставного хряща по шкале OARSI через шесть месяцев соответствовали степени 0–1, через 12 месяцев — степени 1–2 (в одном наблюдении — синовиальный паннус). Отмечали нарушение базофильной линии: частота встречаемости сосудов (количество сосудов на единицу анализируемых полей зрения) через шесть месяцев — (0,35 ± 0,02), через 12 месяцев — (0,30 ± 0,02), различия между сроками статистически незначимы, р = 0,736. Толщина субхондральной костной пластинки через шесть месяцев значимо (р = 0,0105) меньше контроля. Через 12 месяцев медиана толщины субхондральной костной пластинки больше контроля на 33 %, костного индекса — на 31 %, различия на уровне статистической тенденции. На всех этапах отмечены активные остеобласты, выстилающие костные трабекулы, при окраске по Массону в костном матриксе преобладали фуксинофильные структуры.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Выявленные гистологические признаки воспаления и нарушения кровоснабжения синовиальной оболочки, истончение суставного хряща, инвазия синовиального паннуса в поверхностную зону и сосудов в глубокую зону хряща являются прогностическими маркерами остеоартрита.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Структурные изменения костно-хрящевого компонента большеберцового плато через год после протезирования голени имплантатом с кальций-фосфатным покрытием соответствовали начальной стадии остеоартрита. Неинфекционный синовит слабой степени выраженности имел обратимый характер. Применение имплантатов с кальций-фосфатным покрытием способствовало активации процессов репаративного остеогенеза и минерализации костного матрикса в субхондральной зоне.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction Studying the reorganization of adjacent joint components due to prosthesis application and identifying predictors of arthrosis are key factors to successful functional restoration of a prosthetic limb.</p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the structural reorganization of the basic joint components after prosthetic application of a calcium phosphate-coated implant at long term.</p><p>Materials and Methods The study was conducted on five intact and six experimental mongrel male dogs, aged 1.8 ± 0.5 years and weighing 19.0 ± 1.2 kg. A tibial stump was modeled at the level of the upper third of the diaphysis. A Ti6Al4V calcium-phosphate coated implant was used 2.5 months later. The study was conducted at six and 12 months after prosthesis application. Histomorphometry of the synovial membrane and osteochondral component of the tibial plateau was performed on semithin and paraffin sections using an AxioScope.A1 microscope with Zenblue software (CarlZeissMicroImagingGmbH, Germany).</p><p>Results Mild synovitis detected at six months (hyperplasia of the integumentary layer, predominance of macrophage-like synoviocytes, plasma cells, and mast cells) was reversible in 70 % of cases at 12 months. Signs of impaired synovial blood supply were recorded. Articular cartilage changes according to the OARSI scale corresponded to grades 0–1 at six months and grades 1–2 at 12 months (in one case, synovial pannus). Basophilic line abnormalities were noted: vessel density (number of vessels per unit of visual field analyzed) was (0.35 ± 0.02) at six months and (0.30 ± 0.02) at 12 months. Differences between time points were statistically insignificant, p = 0.736. Subchondral bone plate thickness was significantly (p = 0.0105) lower than in the control. At 12 months, the median subchondral bone plate thickness was 33 % higher than the one in the control animals, and the bone index was 31 % higher; differences were statistically significant. Active osteoblasts that were lining bone trabeculae were noted at all stages; fuchsinophilic structures predominated in the bone matrix when stained with Masson's method.</p><p>Discussion The histological signs of inflammation and impaired blood supply to the synovial membrane, thinning of the articular cartilage, and invasion of the synovial pannus into the superficial zone and vessels into the deep cartilage zone were prognostic markers of osteoarthritis.</p><p>Conclusion Structural changes in the osteochondral component of the tibial plateau one year after application of a tibial calcium phosphate-coated implant were consistent with the initial stage of osteoarthritis. Mild non-infectious synovitis was reversible. The use of calcium phosphate-coated implants promoted the activation of reparative osteogenesis and mineralization of the bone matrix in the subchondral zone.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экзопротезирование</kwd><kwd>имплантат с кальций-фосфатным покрытием</kwd><kwd>синовиальная оболочка</kwd><kwd>остео-хондральный компонент</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>exoprosthetics</kwd><kwd>calcium phosphate-coated implant</kwd><kwd>synovial membrane</kwd><kwd>osteochondral component</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана программой МЗ РФ в рамках государственного задания ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. акад. Г.А. Илизарова» для выполнения НИР на 2024–2026 гг.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the program of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation within the framework of the state assignment at the Federal State Budgetary Institution National Ilizarov Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics for the implementation of the research in 2024–2026.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Y, Felländer-Tsai L. The bone anchored prostheses for amputees - Historical development, current status, and future aspects. Biomaterials. 2021;273:120836. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120836.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Y, Felländer-Tsai L. The bone anchored prostheses for amputees - Historical development, current status, and future aspects. 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