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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2026-32-2-186-196</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3461</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы, влияющие на стабильность транспедикулярной фиксации при лечении пациентов с застарелыми переломами позвоночника на фоне остеопороза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Factors affecting the stability of transpedicular fixation in patients with neglected osteoporotic vertebral fractures</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4386-9780</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мытыга</surname><given-names>П. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mytyga</surname><given-names>P. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Геннадьевич Мытыга — младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel G. Mytyga — Junior Researcher</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">paveji.official@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-7089</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масевнин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Masevnin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимирович Масевнин — кандидат медицинских наук, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Masevnin — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Junior Researcher</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drmasevnin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9985-5636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мураховский</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murakhovsky</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владислав Сергеевич Мураховский — врач-нейрохирург</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav S. Murakhovsky — Neurosurgeon</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drmurakhovsky@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0237-4351</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жданович</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhdanovich</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Викторович Жданович — лаборант-исследователь</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin V. Zhdanovich — Research Assistant</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhdanovich.neuro@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4562-8160</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заборовский</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaborovskii</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Сергеевич Заборовский — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий научным отделением</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita S. Zaborovskii — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Research Department</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.nzbr@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени Р.Р. Вредена</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>186</fpage><lpage>196</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мытыга П.Г., Масевнин С.В., Мураховский В.С., Жданович К.В., Заборовский Н.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мытыга П.Г., Масевнин С.В., Мураховский В.С., Жданович К.В., Заборовский Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mytyga P.G., Masevnin S.V., Murakhovsky V.S., Zhdanovich K.V., Zaborovskii N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3461">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3461</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. При растущей продолжительности жизни и старении населения проблема переломов позвонков на фоне низкой минеральной плотности костной ткани становится все более актуальной. Несмотря на многообразие методик лечения, сохраняется риск развития нестабильности транспедикулярной фиксации в послеоперационном периоде.</p><p>Цель работы — выявить факторы риска развития нестабильности спондилосинтеза у пациентов с остеопоротическими переломами позвоночника для обоснования индивидуализированных подходов к их хирургическому лечению.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Ретроспективное одноцентровое исследование основано на анализе данных 82 пациентов, прооперированных в НМИЦ ТО им. Р.Р. Вредена с 2019 по 2023 гг. Пациенты распределены по группам: «Случай» (с развившейся нестабильностью фиксации, n = 8) и «Контроль» (без развития нестабильности фиксации, n = 74). Оценивали потенциальные факторы риска: возраст, индекс массы тела, протяженность фиксации, установку винта в повреждённый позвонок, диаметр винтов, наличие и тип применения аугментации костным цементом, объем декомпрессии, наличие и метод коррекции локального кифоза (вертебротомии по Schwab), продолжительность операции, кровопотерю.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Статистически значимое (p &lt; 0,05) различие между группами имело только введение винта в повреждённый позвонок. Модель логистической регрессии выявила факторы, положительно влияющие на сохранение стабильности: промежуточная фиксация, аугментация сломанного позвонка, аугментация винтов, больший диаметр винтов. Выполнение ламинэктомии, фасетэктомии, пожилой возраст и избыточная масса тела определены как факторы, отрицательно влияющие на стабильность металлоконструкции.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Пациенты с остеопоротическими переломами позвонков характеризуются значительной неоднородностью по возрасту и соматическому статусу, что осложняет выбор оптимальной хирургической тактики. Основными факторами, отрицательно влияющими на стабильность, являются ламинэктомия и фасетэктомия, особенно при резекции фасеточных суставов. Для повышения стабильности целесообразно использовать винты большего диаметра и аугментацию костным цементом, однако это сопряжено с риском специфических осложнений. Установка винта в сломанный позвонок является наиболее значимым положительным фактором, что подтверждается другими биомеханическими и клиническими исследованиями. Ограничения исследования связаны с ретроспективным дизайном, небольшим объёмом выборки и неоднородностью когорты, что снижает статистическую достоверность и обобщаемость результатов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У пациентов с застарелыми остеопоротическими переломами позвонков нестабильность фиксации после транспедикулярной стабилизации носит многофакторный характер. Наибольшее значение имеют хирургические факторы. Ламинэктомия и фасетэктомия повышают риск потери стабильности, тогда как установка винтов в сломанный позвонок и аугментация костным цементом способствуют её сохранению. Протяжённость фиксации, объём коррекции кифоза и остаточный кифоз значимого влияния не оказывают. Результаты подтверждают необходимость индивидуализации хирургической тактики у пациентов с остеопорозом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction With increasing life expectancy and an aging population, vertebral fractures are one of the most common fractures associated with low bone mineral density.the problem of vertebral fractures associated with low bone mineral density is becoming increasingly common. Despite a variety of treatment methods, the risk of transpedicular fixation instability in the postoperative period remains.</p><p>The objective was to identify risk factors for unstable spondylosynthesis in patients with osteoporotic spinal fractures to substantiate an individualized approach to the surgical treatment.</p><p>Material and methods This A retrospective single-center study was based on the findings of 82 patients who underwent surgical treatment at the R.R. Vreden National Medical Research Center for Trauma and Orthopedics between 2019 and 2023. Patients were divided into a case group of patients who developed unstable fixation, n = 8) and controls (who had no hardware instability, n = 74). Potential risk factors included age, body mass index, fixation length, a screw placed in the involved vertebra, screw diameter, the presence and type of bone cement augmentation, the amount of decompression, the presence of local kyphosis and correction technique (Schwab vertebrotomy), duration of surgery and blood loss.</p><p>Results A screw placed into the involved vertebra was the only statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05) difference between the groups. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors that could improve the hardware stability including intermediate fixation, augmentation of the fractured vertebra, screw augmentation and a larger screw diameter. Laminectomy, facetectomy, advanced age, and excess body weight were identified as factors negatively affecting the stability of the metal construct.</p><p>Discussion Patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures are heterogeneous in age and medical status which complicates selection of optimal surgical approaches. Laminectomy and facetectomy are the main factors impacting stability in case of facet joint resection. Larger-diameter screws and bone cement augmentation are practical for better stability and associated with a risk of specific complications. The screw placed in the broken vertebra is a significant positive factor, as confirmed by other biomechanical and clinical studies. Limitations of the study included the retrospective design, small sample size and cohort heterogeneity, which reduce the statistical power and generalizability of the results.</p><p>Conclusion Unstable transpedicular fixation after stabilization is multifactorial in patients with chronic osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Surgical factors are most significant. Laminectomy and facetectomy increase the risk of instability with the screw placed in the broken vertebra and bone cement augmentation helps maintain the stability. The length of fixation, the extent of kyphosis correction and residual kyphosis had no significant effect in the study sample. These results support the need for individualized surgical approaches in osteoporotic patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>остеопороз</kwd><kwd>перелом позвоночника</kwd><kwd>транспедикулярная фиксация</kwd><kwd>нестабильность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>osteoporosis</kwd><kwd>spinal fracture</kwd><kwd>transpedicular fixation</kwd><kwd>instability</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Михайлов Е.Е., Беневоленская Л.И., Мылов Н.М. Распространенность переломов позвоночника в популяционной выборке лиц 50 лет и старше. Вестник травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. 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