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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2025-31-5-678-689</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3341</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзорные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ результатов лечения пациентов с культура‑негативной перипротезной инфекцией тазобедренного и коленного суставов в зависимости от подхода к ее определению</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of existing approaches to determine culture‑negative periprosthetic infection of the hip and knee joints and assessment of its treatment outcomes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1654-1536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олейник</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oleinik</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Владимировна Олейник — врач — травматолог-ортопед</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya V. Oleinik — orthopaedic surgeon</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hamster715@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2083-2424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Божкова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bozhkova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Анатольевна Божкова — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель научного отделения, заведующая отделением, профессор кафедры</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Bozhkova — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Research Department, Head of the Clinical Department</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">clinpharm-rniito@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени Р.Р. Вредена</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>678</fpage><lpage>689</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Олейник Ю.В., Божкова С.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Олейник Ю.В., Божкова С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Oleinik Y.V., Bozhkova S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3341">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3341</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одним из наиболее частых и разрушительных осложнений после тотального эндопротезирования тазобедренного сустава является перипротезная инфекция (ППИ). Эффективность лечебного процесса определяет рациональный выбор хирургической операции и возможность назначения этиотропной антибактериальной терапии в послеоперационном периоде. В 5–30 % случаев имеет место культура-негативная инфекция (КНИ), при которой этиология инфекционного процесса остается неустановленной на протяжении всего периода лечения. На сегодняшний день в профессиональном сообществе отсутствует единый подход к определению изучаемого феномена.</p><p>Цель работы — оценить результаты лечения пациентов с культура-негативной перипротезной инфекцией тазобедренного и коленного суставов в зависимости от подхода к ее определению, а также сформулировать возможные пути снижения частоты встречаемости данной патологии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Поиск литературных источников осуществляли в электронных базах данных eLIBRARY, PubMed (MEDLINE), ScienceDirect, Google Scholar согласно рекомендациям PRISMA. В исследование включены оригинальные статьи и серии случаев на русском и английском языках, посвященные лечению хронической культура-негативной ППИ тазобедренного и/или коленного суставов у пациентов старше 18 лет с применением любых хирургических операций, в которых имелся хотя бы один показатель эффективности лечения. Проанализированы существующие подходы к определению перипротезной КНИ коленного и тазобедренного суставов и исходы лечения пациентов с данной патологией, а также сформулированы возможные пути снижения доли пациентов с неизвестной этиологией инфекционного процесса.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Проведенный анализ научных публикаций не позволил сделать вывод об очевидной разнице эффективности купирования инфекции в зависимости от подхода к определению культура-негативной ППИ. Впервые эффективность лечения больных с КНИ рассмотрена в зависимости от подхода к определению данной патологии. Выявлена значительная неоднородность как  в трактовках КНИ, так и в выборе хирургических методик. Высокая доля благоприятных исходов указывает на важность корректного выбора препаратов для эмпирической антибиотикотерапии (АБТ) и регулярного мониторинга спектра внутрибольничных возбудителей. Предложены возможные пути снижения частоты встречаемости отрицательных результатов микробиологических исследований.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Значимые различия в эффективности лечения пациентов с КНИ в зависимости от подхода к определению данного термина не были обнаружены. Пути снижения частоты встречаемости данной патологии направлены на модификацию факторов, которые обуславливают отрицательные результаты МБИ образцов биоматериалов и удаленных конструкций.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction Periprosthetic infection is one of the most frequent and devastating complications after total hip replacement. The effectiveness of infection management depends on possibility of prescribing etiotropic antibiotics after the operation and the rational choice of a surgical technique. In 5–30 % of all patients the etiology of the infectious process remains unknown throughout the entire treatment period. Such cases are described by the term "culture-negative periprosthetic joint infection". Nowaday, there is no single definition for culture-negative PJI in the professional community.</p><p>The aim of this study is to evaluate the treatment results of patients with culture-negative periprosthetic infection, depending on the approach to its detection, as well as formulate possible ways to reduce its rates.</p><p>Methods Literature search was performed in electronic databases eLIBRARY, PubMed (MEDLINE), ScienceDirect, Google Scholar according to PRISMA recommendations. The study included articles in Russian and English, original articles and case series on the treatment of chronic culture-negative periprosthetic infection of the hip joint and/or knee joints in patients over 18 years of age using any surgical operations and in which there was at least one indicator of treatment effectiveness. The existing approaches to detection of culture-negative periprosthetic joint infection of the knee and hip and the outcomes of treatment of patients with this pathology were analyzed, as well as possible ways to reduce the number of patients with an unknown etiology of the infectious process were formulated.</p><p>Results and Discussion Our analysis of scientific publications revealed no clear difference in the effectiveness of  infection control depending on the approach to detection of culture-negative PJI. For the first time, the effectiveness of treatment for patients with culture-negative PJI is examined depending on the  approach to detection of this pathology. Significant heterogeneity was identified in both the interpretation of culture‑negative PJI and the choice of surgical techniques. The high rate of successful outcomes indicates the importance of appropriate selection of drugs for empirical antibiotic therapy (ABT) and regular monitoring of the spectrum of nosocomial pathogens. Potential ways to reduce the incidence of negative microbiological test results are proposed.</p><p>Conclusion The efficacy of treatment of culture-negative PJI did not differ significantly depending on the interpretation of this term. Ways to reduce the incidence of this pathology are aimed at modifying the factors that cause negative results of MBI of biomaterial samples and removed structures.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая перипротезная инфекция</kwd><kwd>дооперационное обследование</kwd><kwd>микробиологическое исследование</kwd><kwd>ревизионное эндопротезирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic periprosthetic infection</kwd><kwd>pre-operative examination</kwd><kwd>microbiological test</kwd><kwd>revision arthroplasty</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Государственное бюджетное финансирование.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurtz SM, Lau EC, Son MS, et al. 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