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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2025-31-3-297-306</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3248</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Конечно-элементное моделирование анатомо‑конституциональных типов позвоночно-тазового комплекса (Roussouly) в аспекте изучения их биомеханических особенностей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finite element modeling of anatomical constitutional types of the lumbar spine and pelvis (Roussouly) for study of the biomechanical aspects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8476-0231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шульга</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shulga</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Евгеньевич Шульга — кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey E. Shulga — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Research Fellow</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.shulga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-8348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянов</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulyanov</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Юрьевич Ульянов — доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора, доцент</p><p>Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir Yu. Ulyanov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director, Assistant Professor</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.u.ulyanov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9506-5234</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожкова</surname><given-names>Ю. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhkova</surname><given-names>Yu. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Юрьевна Рожкова — начальник отдела</p><p>Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya Yu. Rozhkova — Head of Department</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rozhkova280586@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8095-9398</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шувалов</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shuvalov</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Станислав Дмитриевич Шувалов — врач-нейрохирург</p><p>Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav D. Shuvalov — Neurosurgeon</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shuvalov.stan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт травматологии, ортопедии и нейрохирургии Саратовского государственного медицинского университета им. В.И. Разумовского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Neurosurgery of the Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>297</fpage><lpage>306</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шульга А.Е., Ульянов В.Ю., Рожкова Ю.Ю., Шувалов С.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шульга А.Е., Ульянов В.Ю., Рожкова Ю.Ю., Шувалов С.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shulga A.E., Ulyanov V.Y., Rozhkova Y.Y., Shuvalov S.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3248">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3248</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Сагиттальные морфотипы позвоночника Roussouly отличаются специфичностью биомеханики позвоночно-тазового комплекса (ПТК), для изучения которой в последнее время все чаще используется метод конечно-элементного (КЭ) моделирования.Цель работы — построение трехмерных реалистичных моделей, имитирующих анатомо-конституциональные типы ПТК с последующей оценкой деформативно-прочностных свойств построенных моделей при компрессионной нагрузке.Материалы и методы. Добровольцам, согласившимся принять участие в исследовании (n = 169), выполнены профильные спондилограммы с захватом костей черепа, таза и верхней трети бедренных костей в положении стоя. После интерпретации рентгенограмм (Surgimap 2.3.2.1.) отобраны лица (n = 5) со средними сагиттальными параметрами для каждого из пяти морфотипов Roussouly (I, II, III, IIIA, IV), которым проведена компьютерная томография (КТ) ПТК. Данные КТ использованы в дальнейшем для  моделирования (SolidWorks) пяти параметрических конечно-элементных моделей нормальных морфотипов ПТК и изучения их деформативно-прочностных свойств.Результаты. При компрессионной нагрузке наибольшие эквивалентные напряжения по Мизесу локализовались следующим образом: модель I типа — тела и межпозвонковые диски (МПД)  ThX–LI (2,961 Мпа), задние опорные структуры LIV–SI (2,515 Мпа); модель II типа — тела позвонков и МПД грудного и поясничного отделов, преимущественно на уровнях ThXII–LI (3,082 МПа) и LIV–LV (3,120 МПа); модель III типа — передние отделы тел и МПД ThXI–LII, задние трети тел, ножки и фасеточные суставы LI–SI  (1,720 МПа); модель IIIA типа — тела и МПД ThIX–LII позвонков (1,811 МПа), задние опорные структуры LI–SI (1,650 МПа); модель IV типа — остистые отростки и суставные отделы дуг LI–SI позвонков (3.232 МПа).Обсуждение. Профильная конфигурация ПТК оказывает ключевое влияние на сегментарное распределение гравитационной силы, а, следовательно, определяет специфичность сагиттальной биомеханики позвоночника, его устойчивость к динамическим нагрузкам и склонность к различной дегенеративной патологии.Заключение. Наиболее биомеханически сбалансированными были типы III и IIIA, при гиполордотичной форме (типы I и II) перегружались преимущественно передние структуры позвонков, в том числе МПД, а в случае гиперлордоза (тип IV) — задние опорные структуры.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction Sagittal morphotypes graded by Roussouly are characterized by specific biomechanics of the spinopelvic alignment (SPA) that can be investigated using the finite element (FE) modeling.     The objective was to design three-dimensional realistic models simulating anatomical and constitutional types LPA and evaluate deformity and strength of the models under compression.Materal and methods Lateral standing spondylograms of the skull, pelvis and upper third of the femur were produced for volunteers (n = 169) who agreed to participate in the study. Radiographs were interpreted with  Surgimap 2.3.2.1.) and computed tomography (CT) of the SPA was performed for individuals (n = 5) with average sagittal parameters for each of the five Roussouly morphotypes (I, II, III, IIIA, IV). The CT findings were used to simulate (SolidWorks) five parametric finite element models of normal morphotypes of SPA and examine the deformity and strength.Results The highest von Mises stresses under compression were measured in the bodies and intervertebral discs (IVD) ThX–LI (2.961 MPa), posterior supporting structures LIV–SI (2.515 Mpa) with type I model; vertebral bodies and IVD of the thoracic and lumbar spine, mainly at the ThXII–LI (3.082 MPa) and LIV– LV (3.120 Mpa) levels with type II model; anterior aspects of the bodies and IVD ThXI–LII, posterior thirds of the bodies, pedicles and facet joints LI–SI (1.720 Mpa) with type III model; the bodies and intervertebral discs of the ThIX–LII vertebrae (1.811 MPa), posterior supporting structures of the LI–SI vertebrae (1.650 Mpa) with type IIIA model; in the spinous processes and articular portion of the arches of the LI–SI vertebrae (3.232 MPa) with type IV model.Discussion The lateral configuration of the SPA has a key effect on the segmental distribution of gravitational force and determines the specificity of the sagittal biomechanics of the spine, its resistance to dynamic loads and tendency to various degenerative pathologies.Conclusion Types III and IIIA were the most biomechanically balanced types, hypolordotic form (types  I and II) was associated with overloaded anterior vertebral structures including intervertebral disc protrusion (IDP) and overloaded posterior supporting structures in case of hyperlordosis (type IV).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>позвоночник</kwd><kwd>сагиттальный баланс</kwd><kwd>классификация Roussouly</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>конечно-элементный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spine</kwd><kwd>sagittal balance</kwd><kwd>Roussouly classification</kwd><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>finite element analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diebo BG, Varghese JJ, Lafage R, et al. 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