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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2025-31-2-183-193</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3205</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска нестабильности имплантатов после спондилэктомии у пациентов с опухолями позвоночника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors for hardware failure after total spondylectomy in patients with spinal tumors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4562-8160</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заборовский</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaborovskii</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Сергеевич Заборовский — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением, доцент кафедры</p><p>Санкт‑Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita S. Zaborovskii — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of Department</p><p> Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.zaborovskii@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-7089</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масевнин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Masevnin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Владимирович Масевнин — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением</p><p>Санкт‑Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei V. Masevnin — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of Department</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drmasevnin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9985-5636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мураховский</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murakhovsky</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владислав Сергеевич Мураховский — врач-нейрохирург</p><p>Санкт‑Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav S. Murakhovsky — neurosurgeon</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drmurakhovsky@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухиддинов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhiddinov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рахматжон Ахмаджонович Мухиддинов — врач — травматолог-ортопед</p><p>Санкт‑Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rakhmatjon A. Mukhiddinov — orthopaedic surgeon</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rahmatzhonmuhiddinov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4867-0332</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смекалёнков</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smekalyonkov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Анатольевич Смекалёнков — кандидат медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург</p><p>Санкт‑Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg A. Smekalenkov — Candidate of Medical Sciences, neurosurgeon</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drsmekalenkov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5765-3158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пташников</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ptashnikov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Александрович Пташников — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный врач, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>Санкт‑Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii A. Ptashnikov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Hospital, Head of Department</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drptashnikov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. Р.Р. Вредена; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics; Saint-Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. Р.Р. Вредена</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургская клиническая больница Российской академии наук; Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>183</fpage><lpage>193</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Заборовский Н.С., Масевнин С.В., Мураховский В.С., Мухиддинов Р.А., Смекалёнков О.А., Пташников Д.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Заборовский Н.С., Масевнин С.В., Мураховский В.С., Мухиддинов Р.А., Смекалёнков О.А., Пташников Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zaborovskii N.S., Masevnin S.V., Murakhovsky V.S., Mukhiddinov R.A., Smekalyonkov O.A., Ptashnikov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3205">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3205</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Спондилэктомия при опухолях позвоночника обеспечивает оптимальный локальный контроль, однако сопровождается высоким риском нестабильности имплантатов.</p><p>Цель работы — определить факторы риска нестабильности имплантатов после спондилэктомии у пациентов с опухолевым поражением позвоночника.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Ретроспективное когортное исследование включает пациентов с опухолями позвоночника, которым выполнена резекция новообразования в 2007–2023 гг. Критерии включения: спондилэктомия с установкой протеза тела позвонка, локализация в грудном или поясничном отделах, период наблюдения ≥ 12 мес. Для выявления предикторов нестабильности использованы методы LASSO-регрессии и Random Forest с последующим мультивариантным анализом.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Нестабильность имплантатов развилась у 16 пациентов (18,4 %). Факторами риска являлись: использование костного цемента вместо аллотрансплантата (OR = 0,125, p = 0,014), несоответствие контактных поверхностей &gt; 10° (OR = 0,214, p = 0,026), проседание протеза &gt; 2 мм через 3 мес. (OR = 4,497, p = 0,023).</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Выявленные факторы риска имеют важное клиническое значение для профилактики нестабильности имплантатов. Использование костного трансплантата вместо цемента, точное соответствие контактных поверхностей и контроль раннего проседания протеза позволяют значительно снизить риск несостоятельности металлоконструкции. Полученные результаты подтверждают необходимость тщательного предоперационного планирования и регулярного послеоперационного мониторинга.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлены три независимых фактора риска нестабильности имплантатов после спондилэктомии у пациентов с опухолевым поражением позвоночника: использование костного цемента вместо аллотрансплантата, несоответствие контактных поверхностей протеза более 10°, проседание протеза более 2 мм через 3 мес., которые следует учитывать при планировании хирургического вмешательства и послеоперационном мониторинге для профилактики нестабильности металлоконструкции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction Total spondylectomy for spinal tumors provides optimal local control and is associated with a high risk of implant instability.</p><p>The objective was to determine risk factors for implant instability after spondylectomy in patients with neoplastic lesions of the spine.</p><p>Material and methods A retrospective cohort study included patients with spinal tumors treated with tumor resection between 2007 and 2023. Inclusion criteria were spondylectomy and vertebral body replacement, thoracic or lumbar spine localization, follow-up period ≥ 12 months. LASSO regression and Random Forest methods and multivariate analysis were used to identify instability predictors.</p><p>Results Implant instability was observed in 16 patients (18.4 %). Risk factors included the use of bone cement instead of allograft (OR = 0.125, p = 0.014), contact surface mismatch &gt; 10° (OR = 0.214, p = 0.026), prosthesis subsidence &gt; 2 mm at 3 months (OR = 4.497, p = 0.023).</p><p>Discussion The risk factors identified had a great clinical role for the prevention of implant instability. The use of bone graft instead of cement, precise matching of contact surfaces and control of early prosthetic subsidence can significantly reduce the risk of metal construct failure. Careful preoperative planning and regular postoperative monitoring are essential for the outcome.</p><p>Conclusion Three independent risk factors for implant instability after spondylectomy identified in patients with  spinal tumor lesions included the use of bone cement instead of allograft, a discrepancy between the contact prosthetic surfaces of more than 10°, and an implant subsidence of more than 2 mm after 3 months. These factors are important for planning of the surgical intervention and postoperative monitoring to prevent metal construct instability.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухоли позвоночника</kwd><kwd>спондилэктомия</kwd><kwd>нестабильность имплантатов</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>протез тела позвонка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spinal tumors</kwd><kwd>spondylectomy</kwd><kwd>implant instability</kwd><kwd>risk factor</kwd><kwd>vertebral body replacement</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено без привлечения дополнительного финансирования.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Заборовский Н.С., Пташников Д.А., Михайлов Д.А. и др. Онкологические принципы в хирургии опухолей позвоночника. 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