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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2025-31-1-119-128</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3171</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзор литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Literature review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Элюция антибиотиков из костного цемента: проблемы и пути их решения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Elution of antibiotics from bone cement: problems and ways to solution</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6146-4470</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шафигулин</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shafigulin</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рашид Актасович Шафигулин — кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры, врач — травматолог-ортопед</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rashid A. Shafigulin — Candidate of Medical Sciences, orthopaedic surgeon, department assistant</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rashid221@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахтямов</surname><given-names>И. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhtyamov</surname><given-names>I. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильдар Фуатович Ахтямов — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой, врач — травматолог-ортопед</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ildar F. Akhtyamov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yalta60@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емелин</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelin</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Львович Емелин — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры, врач — травматолог-ортопед</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey L. Emelin — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">travmatica@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беспалов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bespalov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Алексеевич Беспалов — лаборант-исследователь</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor A. Bespalov — research assistant</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bespalovigora@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акифьев</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akifyev</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилл Николаевич Акифьев — лаборант-исследователь</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill N. Akifyev — research assistant</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirill.akifyev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет; Республиканская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University; Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шафигулин Р.А., Ахтямов И.Ф., Емелин А.Л., Беспалов И.А., Акифьев К.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шафигулин Р.А., Ахтямов И.Ф., Емелин А.Л., Беспалов И.А., Акифьев К.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shafigulin R.A., Akhtyamov I.F., Emelin A.L., Bespalov I.A., Akifyev K.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3171">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3171</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Несмотря на широкое применение костного цемента в лечении пациентов с ортопедической инфекцией, метод не лишен недостатков, важнейшим из которых является ограниченность элюции антибиотиков при локальном использовании спейсеров.</p><p>Цель работы — на основе литературных данных определить проблемы элюции антибиотиков из костного цемента и пути их решения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Поиск осуществлен в базах eLIBRARY, PubMed по следующим ключевым словам: bone cement, PMMA, polymethylmethacrylate, antibiotic elution, additive manufacturing, porous constructions, lattice structures, костный цемент, элюция антибиотиков, аддитивное производство, решетчатые структуры. Источники включены исходя из гипотезы о возможности применения преформированных имплантатов на основе решетчатой структуры совместно с костным цементом. Глубина поиска — с 1994 по 2024 год.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. В настоящее время обозначены следующие пути улучшения элюции антибиотика из костного цемента: изучение типа цемента, его пористости, формы имплантата (спейсера), вида антибиотиков, а также их количества и комбинаций, что наряду с многообразием публикаций при отсутствии приемлемого решения формирует трудную научную проблему. Однако исследования в данной области не привели к появлению какого-либо законченного решения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Сформирована парадигма улучшения элюции антибиотиков из полиметилметакрилата (ПММА), заключающаяся в работе с цементом: с его составом, геометрией и пирогенностью. Предложенные решения улучшения элюции антибиотиков из ПММА зачастую невыполнимы, а иногда и ухудшают эксплуатационные свойства цемента. Иным подходом может стать формирование научных изысканий, направленных на изучение эффективности спейсеров с преформированной основой и нанесением покрытия из костного цемента, без или с минимальным вмешательством в его свойства, заданные изготовителем.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction The widespread use of bone cement in the treatment of patients with orthopedic infections can be associated with limited elution of antibiotics with use of local spacers.</p><p>The objective was to determine problems of elution of antibiotics from bone cement and ways to solve them based on literature data.</p><p>Material and methods The original literature search was conducted on key resources including Scientific Electronic Library (www.elibrary.ru) and the National Library of Medicine (www.pubmed.org) (1994 to 2024) and using keywords: bone cement, PMMA, polymethylmethacrylate, antibiotic elution, bone cement, antibiotic elution, additive manufacturing, porous constructions, lattice structures. The sources were included based on the hypothesis that preformed implants based on a lattice structure could be used in combinations with bone cement.</p><p>Results and discussion The elution of antibiotics from bone cement can be improved through examination of the cement type, the porosity, the implant/spacer shape, the type of antibiotics, quantities and  combinations administered that pose a difficult scientific problem in the absence of an acceptable solution along with the variety of publications. However, research in this area has not led to any complete solution.</p><p>Conclusion A paradigm has been developed for improving the elution of antibiotics from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to include working with the cement: its composition, geometry and pyrogenicity. Solutions offered for improving the elution of antibiotics from PMMA are often impracticable and can deteriorate the performance properties of cement. Another approach can involve a research aimed at studying the effectiveness of spacers with a preformed base and bone cement coating, without or with minimal interference with the properties specified by the manufacturer.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>костный цемент</kwd><kwd>полиметилметакрилат</kwd><kwd>элюция антибиотиков</kwd><kwd>аддитивное  производство</kwd><kwd>решетчатые структуры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bone cement</kwd><kwd>polymethyl methacrylate</kwd><kwd>antibiotic elution</kwd><kwd>additive manufacturing</kwd><kwd>lattice  structures</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет предоставленного в 2024 году Академией наук Республики Татарстан  гранта на осуществление фундаментальных и прикладных научных работ в научных и образовательных организациях,  предприятиях и организациях реального сектора экономики Республики Татарстан.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by a grant provided by the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan  in 2024 for the fundamental and applied scientific work to be performed in scientific and educational organizations,  enterprises and organizations of the real sector of the economy of the Republic of Tatarstan.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Romanò CL, Scarponi S, Gallazzi E, et al. 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