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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2025-31-1-110-118</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3170</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзор литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Literature review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные концепции лечения пациентов с инфицированными несращениями бедренной кости: внутренняя и внешняя фиксация</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current concepts in the management of infected non-union of the femur:  internal versus external fixation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-9206</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каул</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaul</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раджив Каул — доктор, магистр (ортопедия), дипломированный специалист в области ортопедии, доцент (ортопедия), член Королевского колледжа хирургов (Глазго), дипломированный специалист по ортопедии (SICOT)</p><p>Дехрадун</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rajiv Kaul — MS (Orth), DNB (Orth), Associate Professor (Orthopaedics), MRCPS (Glasg), Dip SICOT</p><p>Dehradun</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drrajivkaul@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7929-0658</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубей</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubey</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раджив Ранджан Дубей — доктор, магистр (ортопедия), дипломированный специалист в области ортопедии, доцент (спортивная медицина)</p><p>Пуна</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rajiv Ranjan Dubey — MS (Orth), DNB (Orth), Assistant Professor (Sports Medicine)</p><p>Pune</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rajdub87@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агравал</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agrawal</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раджат Агравал — доктор, магистр (ортопедия), директор, президент ASAMI India</p><p>Горакхпур,‑Уттар‑Прадеш</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rajat Agrawal — MS (Orth), Director, President of ASAMI India</p><p>Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drrajataoh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панде</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pande</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ашиш Панде — доктор, магистр (ортопедия), дипломированный специалист в области ортопедии</p><p>Уттар-Прадеш</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ashish Pande — MS (Orth), DNB (Orth), Professor (Orthopaedics)</p><p>Uttar Pradesh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pande80@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военный госпиталь Дехрадун</institution><country>Индия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Hospital Dehradun</institution><country>India</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский колледж вооруженных сил</institution><country>Индия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Armed Forces Medical College</institution><country>India</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ортопедическая больница и научно-исследовательский институт Агравал</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Agrawal Orthopaedic Hospital and Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Базовый госпиталь Лакхнау</institution><country>Индия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Base Hospital Lucknow</institution><country>India</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>118</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каул Р., Дубей Р.Р., Агравал Р., Панде А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каул Р., Дубей Р.Р., Агравал Р., Панде А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kaul R., Dubey R.R., Agrawal R., Pande A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3170">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3170</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Лечение пациентов с инфицированными несращениями костей по-прежнему является сложной задачей для хирурга-ортопеда из-за возникновения микробной резистентности, неудачной фиксации, частых повторных переломов и рецидива ранее купированного инфекционного процесса.</p><p>Цель работы — на основе анализа литературы и собственного хирургического опыта структурировать подход к лечению пациентов с инфицированными несращениями бедренной кости.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен подробный анализ литературы, включая современные методы лечения инфекций, возникающих при переломах и несращениях бедренной кости. Поисковые слова и  словосочетания, использованные для навигации на международных платформах медицинской литературы: osteomyelitis, non-unions, femur, diagnostic solutions, local antibiotics, biomechanical stability.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Принципы хирургического лечения инфицированного несращения бедренной кости остаются прежними: (a) адекватный забор образцов мягких тканей; (б) тщательная хирургическая обработка; (в) стабилизация перелома; (г) восполнение дефекта после санации; (д) применение местных антибиотиков и (е) замещение мягкотканного дефекта. Целью хирургической операции является ликвидация инфекции. Подбор лечения при предполагаемой инфекции не должен быть эмпирическим. Медикаментозную терапию следует начинать на основе микробных культур образцов глубоких тканей. При выборе типа фиксации несращения бедренной кости часто возникает дилемма относительно наиболее подходящего хирургического инструмента для стабилизации. Внутренняя фиксация с костной пластикой будет зависеть от размера костного дефекта; обычно этот метод применяют при дефектах &lt; 6 см. Внешняя фиксация является незаменимой в определенных ситуациях, таких как плохое местное состояние кожи и мягких тканей, сопутствующая разница в длине конечностей &gt; 2 см, дефекты кости ≥ 6 см, сопутствующая деформация, небольшие костные фрагменты или остеопения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Основываясь на современных концепциях, авторы приходят к выводу, что не существует идеального или универсального подхода к лечению пациентов с инфицированным несращением бедренной кости, возможные варианты зависят от имеющегося технического опыта и  практики медицинского учреждения. Независимо от используемого метода, золотые правила фиксации остаются неизменными: выравнивание оси, сохранение биологии, плотный контакт костных фрагментов и стабильность, а также раннее восстановление функции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction The management of infected non-unions continues to be a herculean task for the orthopaedic surgeon due to the emergence of microbial resistance, failure of fixation, frequent re-fractures and resurgence of previously treated infection.</p><p>The aim of the paper was to structure the approach to the management of patients with infected femoral non‑union based on the literature review and surgeons’ experience.</p><p>Material and methods A detailed literature review, including current updates on the management of fracture‑resistant infections (FRI) and non-union of the femur was conducted. Search words and phrases used for navigation in the international medical literature platforms were: osteomyelitis, non-union, diagnostic solutions, local antibiotics, biomechanical stability.</p><p>Results and Discussion The principles of surgical management of infected non-union of the femur remain the  same: (a) adequate soft tissue sampling; (b) thorough debridement; (c) fracture stabilization; (d) dead space and defect management; (e) delivery of local antibiotics and (f) soft tissue coverage. The goal of surgery is to get rid of infection. There is no place for empirical treatment of suspected infection. Therapy should be initiated based upon microbial cultures of deep tissue specimens. While selecting the type of hardware for non-union of the femur, one often encounters a dilemma concerning the most appropriate surgical tool for stabilization. Internal fixation with bone grafting would depend on the size of the gap; commonly defects &lt; 6 cm are treated with this modality. External fixation becomes indispensable in certain scenarios such as poor local skin and soft tissue conditions, associated limb length discrepancy &gt; 2 cm, large defect gaps ≥ 6 cm, concomitant deformity, small fragments or osteopenic bone.</p><p>Conclusion Based on this review of current concepts, the authors conclude that there is no ideal or universal approach for management of infected non-union of the femur, and the approach may vary depending on the technical expertise available and the institutional practices. Irrespective of the modality used, the golden rules of fixation remain the same, alignment, preservation of biology, contact of fragments, stability and early restoration of function.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>остеомиелит</kwd><kwd>несращение</kwd><kwd>диагностические решения</kwd><kwd>местные антибиотики</kwd><kwd>биомеханическая стабильность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>osteomyelitis</kwd><kwd>non-union</kwd><kwd>femur</kwd><kwd>diagnostic solutions</kwd><kwd>local antibiotics</kwd><kwd>biomechanical stability</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Metsemakers WJ, Morgenstern M, McNally MA, et al. Fracture-related infection: A consensus on definition from an international expert group. 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