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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2024-30-6-773-787</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">WQEBDG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3105</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Принципы оперативного лечения отсроченного синдрома запястного канала при неправильно сросшихся переломах дистального метаэпифиза лучевой кости</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Principles of surgical treatment of delayed carpal tunnel syndrome in malunion of the distal metaepiphysis of the radius</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4461-9994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенкин</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenkin</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Михайлович Семенкин — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg M. Semenkin — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department</p><p> Samara</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0108-597X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Измалков</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izmalkov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Николаевич Измалков — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Izmalkov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department</p><p>Samara</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-968X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Братийчук</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bratiichuk</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Николаевич Братийчук — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander N. Bratiichuk — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department</p><p>Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">brat59@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4510-0959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усов</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Константинович Усов — заведующий отделением, ассистент кафедры</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey K. Usov — Head of Department, Assistant Department</p><p>Samara</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинический госпиталь ИДК; Самарский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Hospital IDK; Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет; Самарская областная клиническая больница им. В.Д. Середавина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University; Samara Regional Clinical Hospital Named after V.D. Seredavin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>773</fpage><lpage>787</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семенкин О.М., Измалков С.Н., Братийчук А.Н., Усов А.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенкин О.М., Измалков С.Н., Братийчук А.Н., Усов А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenkin O.M., Izmalkov S.N., Bratiichuk A.N., Usov A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3105">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3105</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Отсроченный синдром запястного канала (ОСЗК) у пациентов с неправильно сросшимся переломом дистального метаэпифиза лучевой кости (ДМЛК) развивается через несколько недель или месяцев после травмы. Основной метод лечения - корригирующая остеотомия и остеосинтез лучевой кости. Целесообразность декомпрессии срединного нерва и способы ее выполнения дискутабельны.</p><p>Цель работы - выработать концепцию лечения пациентов с неправильно сросшимся переломом ДМЛК и ОСЗК в зависимости от способа декомпрессии срединного нерва на основании оценки отдаленных результатов оперативного лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Результаты лечения изучили у 33 пациентов с неправильно сросшимся переломом ДМЛК, осложненным ОСЗК, которым выполняли корригирующую остеотомию ДМЛК и остеосинтез ладонной пластиной с угловой стабильностью. Дополнительно пациентам первой группы через отдельный ограниченный хирургический доступ проводили открытый релиз запястного канала (OCTR, n = 19), пациентам второй группы - декомпрессию срединного нерва через продленный доступ лучевого сгибателя запястья (EFCR, n = 14). Пациентов обследовали до операции и через один год клиническими, рентгенологическими и электромиографическими методами; сравнивали степень выраженности ОСЗК и деформации ДМЛК.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. После операции у пациентов обеих групп наступило улучшение клинических, рентгенологических и ЭНМГ-показателей. Средние сроки сращения составили 12 нед. Более благоприятные результаты получили у пациентов первой группы: достоверно увеличился силовой захват кисти, возросла повседневная активность и амплитуда М-ответа короткой мышцы, отводящей большой палец. Наиболее значимые благоприятные изменения произошли при умеренной и выраженной тяжести ОСЗК, а также при промежуточной и преимущественно тыльной деформации ДМЛК.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Вопросы о целесообразности симультанной декомпрессии срединного нерва у пациентов с ОСЗК и о характере соответствующих доступов не имеют однозначного ответа. Большинство авторов полагает, что достаточно выполнить только корригирующую остеотомию и остеосинтез. Проведенное нами исследование показало важность дифференцированного подхода к решению данной проблемы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При неправильно сросшихся переломах лучевой кости корригирующая остеотомия и остеосинтез ладонной блокируемой пластиной - надежный и эффективный способ лечения. При умеренной и выраженной степенях ОСЗК, сочетающегося с промежуточной и преимущественно тыльной деформацией ДМЛК, лучшие результаты дает открытый релиз запястного канала из отдельного ограниченного доступа. При легкой степени ОСЗК, а также при преимущественно ладонной деформации ДМЛК декомпрессию срединного нерва допустимо производить из основного EFCR-доступа.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction Delayed carpal tunnel syndrome (DCTS) in patients with malunited fracture of the distal metaepiphysis of the radius (DMR) develops from several weeks to months after the injury. The main treatment method for these patients is corrective osteotomy and fixation of the radius bone. However, the necessity and methods of median nerve decompression still remain controversial.</p><p>Purpose To evaluate long-term results of surgical treatment of patients with a malunited distal radius fractures and concurrent delayed carpal tunnel syndrome, depending on the method of median nerve decompression, and to develop a treatment concept.</p><p>Methods The results of treatment were studied in 33 patients (30 women and three men, average age 54.6 years) with malunited DMR fracture complicated by DCTS. All patients underwent corrective osteotomy of the distal radius and osteosynthesis with a volar locking plate. Open carpal tunnel release (OCTR) was performed in  the  first group of patients through a separate limited surgical approach (n = 19), while decompression of the median nerve was carried out through an extended flexor carpi radialis (EFCR) approach in the second group (n = 14). Patients were evaluated clinically (wrist range of motion, hand strength, VAS pain level, DASH score), radiographically, and electromyographically before surgery and one year after it. DCTS severity and DR deformity were compared.</p><p>Results After the operation, patients in both groups showed improvement in clinical, radiographic and ENMG parameters. The average union time was 12 weeks. Better results were achieved in the first group: the hand grip strength increased significantly, as did daily activity and the amplitude of the M-response of the short muscle abducting the thumb. The most significant changes were observed in moderate and severe DCTS cases, as well as in the intermediate and predominantly dorsal DR deformity.</p><p>Discussion The questions about the advisability of simultaneous decompression of the median nerve in  patients with OCTR and the nature of the corresponding approaches do not have a clear answer. Most authors believe that it is sufficient to perform only corrective osteotomy and osteosynthesis. Our study showed the importance of a differentiated approach to solving this problem.</p><p>Conclusions Corrective osteotomy and volar locking plate osteosynthesis in carpal tunnel release are reliable and effective treatments for malunited DMR fractures with concurrent delayed carpal tunnel syndrome. The best results were obtained after open carpal tunnel release from a separate limited approach in patients with moderate and severe deformity of the distal metaepiphysis of the radius, combined with “intermediate” and “predominantly dorsal deformity. In mild DCTS cases, as well as in cases of predominantly palmar DMR deformity, decompression of the median nerve can be performed from the main EFCR approach.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром запястного канала</kwd><kwd>неправильно сросшийся перелом дистального метаэпифиза лучевой кости</kwd><kwd>оперативное лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>distal radius fracture</kwd><kwd>malunion</kwd><kwd>osteotomy</kwd><kwd>delayed carpal tunnel syndrome</kwd><kwd>carpal tunnel release</kwd><kwd>limited open approach</kwd><kwd>extended flexor carpi radialis approach</kwd><kwd>median nerve</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cognet JM, Mares O. Distal radius malunion in adults. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2021;107(1S):102755. doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2020.102755</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cognet JM, Mares O. 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