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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2024-30-4-533-541</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">AIYBWU</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-3024</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска, ассоциированные с врожденной косолапостью у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors associated with congenital clubfoot in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Валерьевич Власов — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением</p><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim V. Vlasov — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Footdoc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусихина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musikhina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Владимировна Мусихина — кандидат медицинских наук, врач травматолог-ортопед</p><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Musikhina — Candidate of Medical Sciences, orthopaedic surgeon, surgeon</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i_musihina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Medical Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>533</fpage><lpage>541</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Власов М.В., Мусихина И.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Власов М.В., Мусихина И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vlasov M.V., Musikhina I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3024">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/3024</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Врожденная косолапость — частый порок развития нижних конечностей, однако причины возникновения этой патологии у детей до сих пор неясны. Выявление факторов, ассоциированных с врожденной косолапостью, является актуальной проблемой, решение которой позволит проводить пренатальную профилактику рождения детей с косолапостью, уменьшив количество пациентов с данной патологией.</p><p>Цель работы — определение возможных факторов риска, приводящих к нарушению правильного формирования стоп у плода, и определение степени их значимости в возникновении врожденной косолапости у детей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Ретроспективное исследование проведено в парах «мать–новорожденный» по данным наблюдения (обследования) за 149 детьми. Первую группу (n = 97) составили пары «мать–новорожденный», в которых у ребенка была типичная форма врожденной косолапости, вторую (n = 52) — пары, в которых младенец был практически здоров. Полученные данные обработаны с применением таблиц 2×2 и логистической регрессии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Наибольшая чувствительность и специфичность возникновения врожденной косолапости установлена к факторам, связанным с неблагоприятным воздействием внешних факторов во время беременности — никотиновая зависимость у беременных (SE = 0,32; SP = 0,90), и фактором, сопряженным с отягощенной наследственностью при врожденной патологии стоп у близких родственников (SE = 0,16; SP = 0,98). Перенесенная острая респираторная вирусная инфекция в анамнезе, анемия беременных, токсикоз беременных статистически значимой причинно-следственной связи с возникновением врожденной косолапости по данным анализа с применением метода логистической регрессии не обнаружили (р &gt; 0,05), и их не следует использовать в качестве прогностических.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Полученные нами данные о первостепенном значении двух факторов риска развития врожденной косолапости: никотиновая зависимость у женщины и отягощенная наследственность по врожденной патологии стоп среди близких родственников, были также отражены лишь в единичных литературных источниках.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Наибольшую чувствительность, специфичность и причинно-следственную связь с возникновением врожденной косолапости имели факторы риска, связанные с неблагоприятным воздействием внешних факторов во время беременности — никотиновая зависимость у женщины и сопряженные с отягощенной наследственностью по врожденной патологии стоп у кровных родственников (р &lt; 0,05).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction Congenital clubfoot is a frequent malformation of the lower extremities. However, the causes of this pathology in children are still unclear. The identification of the factors associated with congenital clubfoot is a relevant problem, the solution of which will allow a prenatal prevention of clubfoot in newborns thus reducing the number of patients with this pathology.</p><p>Purpose The search for possible risk factors leading to a violation of foot development in the fetus and their significance in the occurrence of congenital clubfoot in children.</p><p>Materials and methods The study was of retrospective nature and was carried out in pairs “Mother-Newborn”. It included examination of 149 children. The first group (n = 97) was compiled by the “Mother Newborn” pairs, in which the child had a typical form of congenital clubfoot; the second group (n = 52) were pairs in which the baby was healthy. The data obtained were processed using tables 2×2 and logistics regression.</p><p>Results According to the results of the study, it was found that the greatest sensitivity and specificity of congenital clubfoot was associated with the external factor of nicotine dependence in pregnant women (SE = 0.32; SP = 0.90) and the factor of hereditarily burdened congenital foot pathology in close relatives (SE = 0.16; SP = 0.98). An acute respiratory viral infection in the anamnesis, anemia in a pregnant woman or toxicosis did not show statistically significant causal connection with the occurrence of congenital clubfoot according to the analysis using the method of logistics regression (р &gt; 0.05) and they should not be used as prognostic ones.</p><p>Discussion The data obtained by us on the paramount significance of the two “risk” factors of the congenital clubfoot development (nicotine dependence in a pregnant woman and hereditarily burdened disorder of congenital foot pathology among close relatives) were reflected only in a few scientific sources.</p><p>Conclusion The risk factors of the greatest sensitivity, specificity and causal relationship with the congenital clubfoot development were associated with the adverse effects of the external factor of nicotine dependence during pregnancy and burdened heredity associated with congenital foot pathology in close relatives (р &lt; 0.05).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>врожденная косолапость</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>никотиновая зависимость</kwd><kwd>наследственность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>congenital clubfoot</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>nicotine dependence</kwd><kwd>heredity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баиндурашвили А.Г., Кенис В.М., Чухраева И.Ю. 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