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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2024-30-3-417-426</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">MQFCCN</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-2992</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка отдаленных результатов однократной интраоперационной электронейростимуляции после аутологичной пластики резекционного дефекта большеберцовой порции седалищного нерва взрослых крыс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of long-term results of single intraoperative electrical neurostimulation after autologous plastic surgery of a resection defect of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve in adult rats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щудло</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchudlo</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Анатольевна Щудло — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Shchudlo — Doctor of Medical Sciences, leading researcher</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nshchudlo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5430-2045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варсегова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varsegova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Николаевна Варсегова — кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana N. Varsegova — Candidate of Biological Sciences, senior researcher</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">varstn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-0372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ступина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stupina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Анатольевна Ступина — доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Stupina — Doctor of Biological Sciences, leading researcher</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">StupinaSTA@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени академика Г.А. Илизарова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>417</fpage><lpage>426</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щудло Н.А., Варсегова Т.Н., Ступина Т.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щудло Н.А., Варсегова Т.Н., Ступина Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shchudlo N.A., Varsegova T.N., Stupina T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2992">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2992</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Данные мировой литературы свидетельствуют об эффективности однократной интраоперационной электростимуляции (ИЭС) проксимального отрезка повреждённого нерва для стимуляции его регенерации, но данные о её влиянии на отдалённые результаты аутопластики резекционных дефектов отсутствуют.</p><p>Цель работы — оценка отдалённых результатов однократной ИЭС после аутологичной пластики дефекта большеберцовой порции седалищного нерва крыс.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. После аутологичной пластики резекционного дефекта большеберцовой порции седалищного нерва 30 крыс линии Wistar мужского пола распределены на серию 1 (нестимулированный контроль, n = 16) и серию 2 (однократная ИЭС в течение 40 мин., n = 14). Через 4 и 6 мес. после операции проведена оценка статического седалищного функционального индекса (СФИ) и морфометрия эпоксидных поперечных полутонких срезов большеберцового нерва на уровне средней трети голени. Для сравнения с нормой использовали соответствующие данные от 7 интактных крыс.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Количество животных с отличными результатами восстановления СФИ составило 12,5 % в серии 1 и 50 % в серии 2 (p = 0,05). Численная плотность регенерировавших миелинизированных волокон (МВ) превышала норму: в серии 1 — на 63 % (p &lt; 0,01) и 34 % (p &lt; 0,01), в серии 2 — на 58 % (p &lt; 0,01) и 47 % (p &lt; 0,01) соответственно. В серии 2 больше по сравнению с серией 1: медиана диаметров МВ — на 11,7 % и 15,7 %, медиана диаметров их аксонов — на 5,4 % и 11,9 %, медиана толщины миелиновой оболочки — на 17,0 % и 24,1 % соответственно (p &lt; 0,05 через 4 мес. и p &lt; 0,01 через 6 мес. после операции). Через 4 мес. после операции в сериях 1 и 2 численные плотности эндоневральных сосудов превышают интактный контроль на 134 % (p &lt; 0,05) и 156 % (p &lt; 0,05), их средние диаметры на 18 % и 16 % (p &lt; 0,01) соответственно, а диаметры просветов возрастают только в серии 2 на 8 % (p = 0,07). Через 6 мес. опыта в сериях 1 и 2 численные плотности микрососудов снижаются, но достоверно превышают контроль на 66 % (p &lt; 0,05) и 83 % (p &lt; 0,05), средние диаметры — на 14 % и 36 % (p &lt; 0,05), диаметры просветов — на 26 % (p &lt; 0,05) и 50 % (p &lt; 0,01) соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Разница между стимулированными и нестимулированными животными по всем размерным параметрам МВ через 6 мес. после операции была больше, чем через 4 мес., что указывает на стойкий нейрорегенераторный эффект.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Значимое увеличение диаметров регенерирующих нервных волокон в большеберцовом нерве, а также диаметров их аксонов и толщины миелинизированных оболочек через 4 и 6 мес. после аутопластики большеберцовой порции седалищного нерва в группе животных с однократной 40-минутной ИЭС проксимального участка седалищного нерва свидетельствует о промотирующем влиянии применённого аддитивного воздействия на регенераторный аксоно- и миелиногенез. Увеличение просветов и улучшение пропускной способности эндоневральных сосудов большеберцового нерва в серии с ИЭС обеспечило стойкость нейрорегенераторного эффекта. Функциональная значимость эффектов однократной ИЭС подтверждается достоверно более высоким процентом животных с отличными результатами восстановления статического функционального индекса.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction World literature data indicate the effectiveness of single intraoperative electrical stimulation (IES) of the proximal segment of the damaged nerve to stimulate its regeneration, but there is no data on its effect on the long-term results of autoplasty of resection defects.</p><p>The purpose of the work was to evaluate the long-term results of a single IES after autologous plastic surgery of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve in rats.</p><p>Materials and methods Thirty rats after autologous repair of the resection defect of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve were divided into series 1 (unstimulated control, n = 16) and series 2 (single IES for 40 minutes, n = 14). At 4 and 6 months after surgery, the static sciatic functional index (SFI) and morphometry of epoxy transverse semithin sections of the tibial nerve at the level of the middle third of the leg were assessed. For comparison with the normal values, the corresponding data from 7 intact rats were used.</p><p>Results The number of animals with excellent results of SFI restoration was 12.5 % in  series 1 and  50 % in  series  2 (p = 0.05). The numerical density of regenerated myelinated fibers (MF) exceeded the norm: in series 1 — by 63 % (p &lt; 0.01) and 34 % (p &lt; 0.01), in series 2 — by 58 % (p &lt; 0.01) and 47 % (p &lt; 0.01), respectively. In series 2, there were greater values in comparison with series 1: the median diameters of MFs were by 11.7 % and 15.7 %, the median diameters of their axons were by 5.4 % and 11.9 %, the median thickness of the myelin sheath was by 17.0 % and 24.1 %, respectively (p &lt; 0.05 4 months and p &lt; 0.01 6 months after surgery). Four months after surgery in series 1 and 2, the numerical densities of endoneurial vessels exceeded the intact control by 134 % (p &lt; 0.05) and 156 % ( 0.05), their average diameters by 18 % and 16 % (p &lt; 0.01) respectively, and lumen diameters increased only in series 2 by 8 % (p = 0.07). After 6 months of the experiment in series 1 and  2, the  numerical densities of microvessels decreased, but significantly exceeded the control by  66 % (p &lt; 0.05) and 83 % (p &lt; 0.05), the average diameters — by 14 % and 36 % (p &lt; 0.05), lumen diameters — by 26 % (p &lt; 0.05) and 50 % (p &lt; 0.01), respectively.</p><p>Discussion The difference between stimulated and unstimulated animals in all MF size parameters 6 months after surgery was greater than after 4 months, indicating a persistent neuroregenerative effect.</p><p>Conclusions A significant increase in the diameters of regenerating nerve fibers in the tibial nerve, as well as the diameters of their axons and the thickness of the myelinated sheaths 4 and 6 months after autoplasty of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve in the group of animals with a single 40-minute IES of the proximal portion of the sciatic nerve indicates the promoting effect of the applied additive effect on regenerative axono- and myelinogenesis. Increase in the lumens and improvement of blood flow of the endoneurial vessels of the tibial nerve in the series with IES ensured the stability of the neuroregenerative effect. The functional significance of the effects of a single IES is confirmed by a significantly higher percentage of animals with excellent results in restoring the static functional index.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крысы</kwd><kwd>седалищный нерв</kwd><kwd>аутопластика</kwd><kwd>интраоперационная электростимуляция (ИЭС)</kwd><kwd>седалищный функциональный индекс</kwd><kwd>гистоморфометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rats</kwd><kwd>sciatic nerve</kwd><kwd>autoplastic</kwd><kwd>intraoperative electrical neurostimulation</kwd><kwd>sciatic functional index</kwd><kwd>hystomorphometry</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Научная работа финансирована в рамках государственного задания.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This scientific study was financed in the framework of state assignment.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huckhagel T, Nüchtern J, Regelsberger J, et al. 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