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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2024-30-3-372-383</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">HDXUWE</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-2988</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности кинематики и кинетики двигательного стереотипа у детей с ахондроплазией: сравнительное кросс-секционное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of motor stereotype kinematics and kinetics in children with achondroplasia: a comparative cross-sectional study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-3451</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долганова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolganova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тамара Игоревна Долганова — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara I. Dolganova — Doctor of Medical Sciences, leading researcher</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rjik532007@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-0427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смолькова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolkova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лидия Владимировна Смолькова — аспирант</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lidiia V. Smolkova — postgraduate</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">slv@odb45.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8708-1303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долганов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolganov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Владимирович Долганов — кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Dolganov — Candidate of Biological Sciences, senior researcher</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">paradigma-dv@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7806-7083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аранович</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aranovich</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Майоровна Аранович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая отделением, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna M. Aranovich — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department, senior researcher</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aranovich_anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3428-3742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гвоздев</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gvozdev</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Сергеевич Гвоздев — врач травматолог-ортопед</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita S. Gvozdev — traumatologist-orthopedist</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitozgvozdev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8996-867X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popkov</surname><given-names>D. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Арнольдович Попков — доктор медицинских наук, профессор РАН, Член-корр. Французской Академиимедицинских наук, руководитель клиники</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Popkov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of RAS, Corresponding member of the French Academyof Medical Sciences, Head of the Clinic</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dpopkov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени академика Г.А. Илизарова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>372</fpage><lpage>383</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Долганова Т.И., Смолькова Л.В., Долганов Д.В., Аранович А.М., Гвоздев Н.С., Попков Д.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Долганова Т.И., Смолькова Л.В., Долганов Д.В., Аранович А.М., Гвоздев Н.С., Попков Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dolganova T.I., Smolkova L.V., Dolganov D.V., Aranovich A.M., Gvozdev N.S., Popkov D.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2988">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2988</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Изучение кинематических и кинетических параметров походки у детей с ахондроплазией позволит детальнее понять особенности их локомоции, определить стратегию планируемого лечения.</p><p>Цель работы — оценка особенностей локомоторной кинематики и кинетики у детей с ахондроплазией по сравнению со сверстниками без ортопедической патологии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведена оценка локомоторного профиля методом видеоанализа походки. Кинематические данные регистрировали оптическими камерами Qualisys7+ (8 камер) с технологией видеозахвата пассивных маркеров; синхронизированными с шестью динамометрическими платформами KISTLER (Швейцария). Анализ кинематики и кинетики проводили в программах QTM (Qualisys) и  Visual3D (C-Motion) с автоматизированным расчетом значений показателей суммарной пиковой мощности работы суставов. Сформировано три группы для анализа походки: I — дети 6–7 лет с ахондроплазией (6 человек, 12 конечностей), II — дети 6–7 лет без ортопедической патологии (8 человек, 16 конечностей); III — схожие ростом дети 3–4 лет без ортопедической патологии (8 человек, 16 конечностей).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У детей с ахондроплазией обнаружены статистически значимые нарушения в локомоторной кинетике и кинематике. Первые связаны с продольным дефицитом сегментов конечностей и сниженной скоростью ходьбы. Вторые с продольным дефицитом не связаны, но проявлялись во всех плоскостях, а именно увеличением максимального наклона таза вперед, сгибательной позицией в тазобедренном, коленном суставах и позицией тыльной флексии голеностопного сустава; увеличенным максимальным углом отведения бедра и варусной деформацией коленного сустава; увеличенным ротационным диапазоном движений таза.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Поскольку характерный вид основного профиля походки начинает проявляться у детей к 4–5 годам и связан с формированием активности центральных и спинномозговых генераторов, индуцирующих самоорганизацию двигательных стереотипов, мы полагаем, что выявляемые в локомоторной кинематике отклонения являются вторичными патогенетическими проявлениями кинетики, обусловленной продольным дефицитом сегментов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Особенности локомоторной кинетики у детей с ахондроплазией обусловлены продольным дефицитом конечностей и связаны с низкой скоростью ходьбы. Значимые отклонения локомоторной кинематики не связаны с продольным дефицитом сегментов, но выявлены во всех плоскостях и касаются всей биомеханической цепи.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction The study of the kinematic and kinetic parameters of gait in children with achondroplasia would allow a more detailed understanding of the features of their locomotion and determine the strategy of planned treatment.</p><p>Purpose To evaluate features of locomotor kinematics and kinetics in children with achondroplasia and compare with peers without orthopedic pathology.</p><p>Materials and methods The locomotor profile was assessed by video gait analysis. Kinematic data were recorded by Qualisys7+ optical cameras (8 cameras) with passive marker video capture technology synchronized with six dynamic platforms KISTLER (Switzerland). The analysis of kinematics and kinetics was carried out in the QTM (Qualisys) and Visual3D (C-Motion) programs with automated calculation of the values of indicators of the total peak power in the joints. Three groups were formed for gait analysis: 1) children 6–7  years old, achondroplasia (6 subjectsle, n = 12 limbs); 2) their peers, children without orthopedic pathology, 6–7 years old (8 subjects, n = 16 limbs); 3) children without orthopedic pathology 3–4 years old similar in height (8 subjects, n = 16 limbs).</p><p>Results In children with achondroplasia, statistically significant disorder in locomotor kinetics and kinematics were found. The former are associated with a longitudinal deficiency of limb segments and decreased walking speed. The latter are not associated with a longitudinal deficit, but manifested in all planes, namely: an increase in the maximum forward inclination of the pelvis, a flexion position in the hip and knee joints, and dorsal flexion of the ankle joint; increased maximum angle of hip abduction and varus deformity of the knee joint; increased rotational range of motion of the pelvis.</p><p>Discussion Since the characteristic features of the main gait profile begin to appear in children by the age of 4–5 years, and is associated with the formation of the activity of central and spinal generators that induce the self-organization of motor stereotypes, we believe that the deviations detected in the locomotor kinematics are secondary pathogenetic manifestations of the kinetics due to the longitudinal deficit in limb segments.</p><p>Conclusion Features of locomotor kinetics in children with achondroplasia are due to the longitudinal deficit of the limb length and are associated with low walking speed. Significant deviations of the locomotor kinematics were not associated with the longitudinal deficit of the segments, but were detected in all planes and are related to the entire biomechanical chain.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ахондроплазия</kwd><kwd>здоровые дети</kwd><kwd>анализ походки</kwd><kwd>локомоторная кинетика и кинематика</kwd><kwd>удлинение конечностей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>achondroplasia</kwd><kwd>healthy children</kwd><kwd>gait analysis</kwd><kwd>locomotor kinetics and kinematics</kwd><kwd>limb lengthening</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана программой МЗ РФ в рамках государственного задания ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. акад. Г.А. Илизарова» для выполнения НИР на 2021–2023 гг. «Разработка телескопического интрамедуллярного стержня для реконструктивной хирургии конечностей при заболеваниях, сопровождающихся сниженными прочностными характеристиками костей у детей: дисхондроплазия, фосфат-диабет, фиброзная дисплазия, врожденный ложный сустав голени, несовершенный остеогенез»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the state program of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation within the framework of the state assignment at the Federal State Budgetary Institution National Ilizarov Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics on research for the period 2021–2023 “Development of a telescopic intramedullary rod for reconstructive surgery of the extremities for diseases accompanied by reduced strength characteristics of bones in children: dyschondroplasia, phosphate diabetes, fibrous dysplasia, congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, osteogenesis imperfecta”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coi A, Santoro M, Garne E, et al. 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