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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2024-30-2-282-291</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ZXIXOK</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-2967</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Переходные пояснично-крестцовые позвонки у детей и подростков (обзор литературы, иллюстрированный собственными клиническими наблюдениями)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae in children and adolescents (literature review, illustrated with clinical observations)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4128-6127</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скрябин</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skryabin</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Геннадьевич Скрябин — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy G. Skryabin — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skryabineg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2343-4791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривцов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivtsov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Юрьевич Кривцов — врач рентгенолог</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey Yu. Krivtsov — radiologist</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krivtsov444@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-7757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кичерова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kicherova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Альбертовна Кичерова — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой</p><p>Тюмень</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56806916100</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana A. Kicherova — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of Department</p><p>Tyumen</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56806916100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pan1912@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1888-3270</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клоков</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klokov</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Николаевич Клоков — врач рентгенолог</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya N. Klokov — radiologist</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klokovin1990@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зотов</surname><given-names>П. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zotov</surname><given-names>P. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Борисович Зотов — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор института клинической медицины</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel B. Zotov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Director of the Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">note72@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6814-8894</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксельров</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akselrov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Александрович Аксельров — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Akselrov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akselrov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Областная клиническая больница № 2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский государственный медицинский университет; Областная клиническая больница № 2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University; Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>282</fpage><lpage>291</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Скрябин Е.Г., Кривцов А.Ю., Кичерова О.А., Клоков И.Н., Зотов П.Б., Аксельров М.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скрябин Е.Г., Кривцов А.Ю., Кичерова О.А., Клоков И.Н., Зотов П.Б., Аксельров М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skryabin E.G., Krivtsov A.Y., Kicherova O.A., Klokov I.N., Zotov P.B., Akselrov M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2967">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2967</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Анализ медицинской литературы, посвящённой различным аспектам переходных пояснично-крестцовых позвонков, показывает крайне ограниченное количество публикаций, освещающих течение этого заболевания в детской и подростковой популяции.</p><p>Цель работы — на основании анализа современной медицинской литературы рассмотреть вопросы эпидемиологии, диагностики, лечения и профилактики переходных пояснично-крестцовых позвонков у пациентов детского и подросткового возраста, проиллюстрировав материал собственными клиническими наблюдениями.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Поиск научных источников осуществлен в поисковой системе PubMed и электронной библиотеке КиберЛенинка. Для анализа отобрано 75 публикаций, вышедших в свет в период с 1984 по 2023 год, отечественных литературных источников — 7 (9,3 %), иностранных — 68 (90,7 %). Результаты и обсуждение. Частота общепопуляционной встречаемости переходных позвонков у детей и подростков, по данным литературных источников, составляет 16,8 %. В структуре переходных позвонков у детей преобладает II тип заболевания по классификации AE. Castellvi — 43,2 % случаев. Основным клиническим симптомом патологии является боль пояснично-крестцовой локализации, интенсивность которой по визуальной аналоговой шкале у детей соответствует в среднем 3,0 баллам. У взрослых пациентов с аналогичной патологией средняя интенсивность боли по той же самой шкале составляет 7,5 балла. Наиболее информативным методом диагностики заболевания является компьютерная томография, позволяющая получить как изображения в 3D-формате, так и срезы на уровне псевдоартроза между увеличенным в размерах поперечным отростком (или отростками) надкрестцового позвонка и крылом крестца. С целью купирования боли у детей с переходными позвонками используют как консервативные, так и оперативные методы. Наиболее часто применяемой операцией является псевдоартрэктомия. Изучение отдаленных результатов через год после проведенного вмешательства позволяет у всех оперированных детей зарегистрировать отсутствие боли. Меры профилактики переходных пояснично-крестцовых позвонков не разработаны.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Анализ опубликованных литературных источников свидетельствует о том, что переходные позвонки являются часто диагностируемой патологией у детей и подростков. Современные методы лучевой визуализации позволяют точно устанавливать не только наличие заболевания, но и дифференцировать его тип. Основным клиническим симптомом переходных позвонков является боль пояснично-крестцовой локализации, трудно купирующаяся консервативными методами терапии. Из оперативных методов лечения у детей и подростков чаще других применяется псевдоартрэктомия, позволяющая достичь стойкого купирования вертеброгенного болевого синдрома. Меры специфической профилактики заболевания не разработаны.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction An analysis of the medical literature devoted to various aspects of transitional lumbosacral vertebrae shows that there are very few publications covering the course of this disease in  the  pediatric and adolescent population.</p><p>Aim To study the issues of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of transitional lumbosacral vertebrae in paediatric and adolescent patients based on the analysis of current medical literature and illustrate the material with our own clinical observations.</p><p>Material and methods To analyze the literature on the topic, 75 papers published between 1984 and 2023 were selected. Among them, there were 7 (9.3 %) domestic literary sources, 68 (90.7 %) were foreign. In the process of searching for scientific articles, the resources of the electronic databases of current medical information PubMed and CyberLeninka were used.</p><p>Results and discussion The incidence of transitional vertebrae in children and adolescents is 16.8 % of clinical observations, as reported. In the structure of the transitional vertebrae in children, type II of  the  disease predominates according to the classification Castellvi et al (1984), 43.2 % of cases. The main clinical symptom of the pathology is pain of lumbosacral location, the intensity of which on the visual analog scale in children corresponds to an average of 3.0 points. In adult patients with similar pathology, the average pain intensity measured with the same scale is 7.5 points. The most informative method for  diagnosing the  disease is computed tomography, which allows obtaining both 3D images and sections at the level of pseudarthrosis between the enlarged transverse process (or processes) of the suprasacral vertebra and the wing of the sacrum. To  relieve pain in children with transitional vertebrae, both conservative and surgical methods are used. The most commonly used procedure is pseudarthrectomy. The study of  long-term results one year after the intervention allowed us to record the absence of pain in children who underwent surgery. Prevention measures for transitional lumbosacral vertebrae have not been developed.</p><p>Conclusion The analysis of the published literature shows that transitional vertebrae are a frequently diagnosed pathology in children and adolescents. Current methods of imaging are able to accurately detect not only the  presence of the disease, but also to differentiate its type. The main clinical symptom of  transitional vertebrae is pain in the lumbosacral spine which is difficult to relieve with conservative therapy. Pseudarthrectomy is the most frequent surgical method of treatment in children and adolescents that provides stable relief of vertebrogenic pain syndrome. Measures for specific prevention of the disease have not been developed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети и подростки</kwd><kwd>переходные пояснично-крестовые позвонки</kwd><kwd>псевдоартроз</kwd><kwd>поясничная боль</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>псевдоартрэктомия</kwd><kwd>купирование боли</kwd><kwd>отдалённый результат лечения</kwd><kwd>обзор литературы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd><kwd>lumbosacral transitional vertebrae</kwd><kwd>pseudoarthrosis</kwd><kwd>lumbar pain</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>pseudoarthrectomy</kwd><kwd>pain relief</kwd><kwd>long-term result</kwd><kwd>literature review</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кабак С.Л., Заточная В.В., Жижко-Михасевич Н.О. Врожденные аномалии пояснично-крестцового отдела позвоночника. 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