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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2024-30-1-153-162</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DAZQKU</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-2941</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Механизмы развития патологии опорно-двигательного аппарата после перенесённой инфекции COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mechanisms of musculoskeletal consequences of COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4318-6173</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryeva</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорьева Наталья Николаевна – врач травматолог-ортопед.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya N. Grigoryeva – traumatologist-orthopedist.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natash2015@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7507-7772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айрапетов</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Airapetov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айрапетов Георгий Александрович – доктор медицинских наук, доцент.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgy A. Airapetov – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor.</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">airapetovga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Краевой клинический противотуберкулёзный диспансер</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Antituberculosis Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>153</fpage><lpage>162</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорьева Н.Н., Айрапетов Г.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорьева Н.Н., Айрапетов Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigoryeva N.N., Airapetov G.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2941">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2941</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Коронавирус SARS-CoV-2 и вызываемая им инфекция, названная ВОЗ COVID-19, стали причиной пандемии, унесшей жизни более 6 млн. человек. В настоящий момент влияние коронавирусной инфекции на опорно-двигательный аппарат остается важной, но в то же время малоизученной проблемой.</p><p>Цель работы – обобщение данных литературы о механизмах развития и выявление наиболее часто встречающихся форм нарушения опорно-двигательной системы после перенесённой инфекции COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Поиск научных публикаций проведен в базах данных PubMed, MedLine и электронной научной библиотеке eLIBRARY по следующим ключевым словам: COVID-19, асептический остеонекроз (aseptic osteonecrosis), постковидный синдром (post-COVID-19 syndrome), артропатия (arthropathy), опорно-двигательная система (musculoskeletal system), спондилит (spondylitis), остеопороз (osteoporosis).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Жалобы со стороны опорно-двигательной системы, ассоциированные с COVID-19, описывают в 31-59 % случаев. Среди основных механизмов развития патологии опорно-двигательного аппарата после коронавирусной инфекции выделяют цитотоксическое воздействие вируса на клетки остеогенеза, сосудистое воспаление и коагулопатию, «цитокиновый шторм», побочные эффекты лекарственной терапии COVID-19, гипоксию. По ведущему этиологическому фактору заболевания костно-мышечной системы, возникшие на фоне SARS-CoV-2, распределяются на аутоиммунные (реактивный артрит, сакроилет, анкилозирующий спондилит, аксиальный спондилоартрит, псориатический артрит), обусловленные нарушением кровообращения костной ткани (асептический остеонекроз), инфекционные (септический артрит, спондилит, спондилодисцит) и метаболические (остеопения, остеопороз).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено, что инфекция COVID-19 оказывает негативное влияние на опорно-двигательную, эндокринную и иммунную системы, что повышает риск развития дегенеративно-дистрофических заболеваний костно-мышечной системы и инфекционных осложнений в раннем послеоперационном периоде у больных, оперированных по поводу ортопедической патологии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, called COVID-19 by the WHO has caused a pandemic of respiratory illness killed more than 6 million people. The severe infection has a significant negative impact on the entire musculoskeletal system.</p><p>The objective was to summarize literature data on the mechanisms of the condition and identify musculoskeletal symptoms of COVID-19.</p><p>Material and methods An internet search of PubMed, MedLine and eLIBRARY library databases using the search terms: COVID-19, aseptic osteonecrosis, post-COVID-19 syndrome, arthropathy, musculoskeletal system, spondylitis, osteoporosis was performed.</p><p>Results and discussion Musculoskeletal symptoms of COVID-19 are reported in 31-59% of cases. Mechanisms of musculoskeletal involvement of coronavirus infection include cytotoxic effect of the virus on osteogenesis cells, vascular inflammation and coagulopathy, “cytokine storm”, side effects of drug therapy and hypoxia. According to an etiological factor, musculoskeletal manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 include autoimmune (reactive arthritis, sacroiliitis, ankylosing spondylitis, axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis) conditions caused by impaired circulation of bone tissue (aseptic osteonecrosis), infectious (septic arthritis, spondylitis, spondylodiscitis) and metabolic (osteopenia, osteoporosis) conditions.</p><p>Conclusion It has been established that COVID-19 infection has a negative impact on the musculoskeletal, endocrine and immune systems increasing the risk of degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system and infectious complications in orthopaedic patients early post surgery.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>асептический остеонекроз</kwd><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>артропатия</kwd><kwd>опорно-двигательный аппарат</kwd><kwd>спондилит</kwd><kwd>остеопороз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>aseptic osteonecrosis</kwd><kwd>post-Covid syndrome</kwd><kwd>arthropathy</kwd><kwd>musculoskeletal system</kwd><kwd>spondylitis</kwd><kwd>osteoporosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Положихина М.А. 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