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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2024-30-1-76-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">RTEQSR</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-2933</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синтетические биоматериалы на основе гидроксиапатита и трикальцийфосфата: анализ текущих клинических испытаний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Synthetic biomaterials based on hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate: analysis of current clinical trials</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3694-3302</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухаметов</surname><given-names>У. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhametov</surname><given-names>U. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мухаметов Урал Фаритович – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ural F. Mukhametov – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of Department.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ufa.rkbkuv@doctorrb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6106-7693</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивлиев</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivliev</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивлиев Денис Сергеевич – врач нейрохирург.</p><p>Смоленск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis S. Ivliev – neurosurgeon.</p><p>Smolensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivlievdenis95@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-0835</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гареев</surname><given-names>И. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gareev</surname><given-names>I. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гареев Ильгиз Фанилевич – Ph.D., старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilgiz F. Gareev – Ph.D., Senior Researcher.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilgiz_gareev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2549-1059</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Люлин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyulin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Люлин Сергей Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделением.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Lyulin – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of Department.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">carmel74@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-5467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борзунов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borzunov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борзунов Дмитрий Юрьевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры.</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Yu. Borzunov – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Professor of Department.</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borzunov@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканская клиническая больница им. Г.Г. Куватова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical Hospital named after. G.G. Kuvatova</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный центр травматологии, ортопедии и эндопротезирования; Смоленский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Centers of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Endoprosthetics; Smolensk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский центр Кармель</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Carmel Medical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный медицинский университет; Центральная городская клиническая больница № 23</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University; Central City Clinical Hospital No. 23</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мухаметов У.Ф., Ивлиев Д.С., Гареев И.Ф., Люлин С.В., Борзунов Д.Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мухаметов У.Ф., Ивлиев Д.С., Гареев И.Ф., Люлин С.В., Борзунов Д.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mukhametov U.F., Ivliev D.S., Gareev I.F., Lyulin S.V., Borzunov D.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2933">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2933</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. На сегодняшний день в области травматологии и ортопедии, нейрохирургии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии (ЧЛХ) в качестве заменителя костных трансплантатов было предложено и использовано большое количество разнообразных синтетических материалов, включая металлы, полимеры и керамику. Однако наиболее изученными материалами являются кальций-фосфатная керамика (КФК), в частности гидроксиапатит и трикальцийфосфат, а также их смеси, называемые двухфазными фосфатами кальция. Интерес связан с тем, что основным компонентом кости является апатитовый минерал фосфат кальция. Гидроксиапатит и трикальцийфосфат являются одними из наиболее часто используемых и эффективных синтетических заменителей костных трансплантатов. Они обладают не только остеокондуктивными свойствами, но и остеоиндуктивными. Эти свойства в сочетании с клеточно-опосредованной резорбцией обеспечивают полную регенерацию костных дефектов. В данном исследовании проведен анализ существующих клинических испытаний использования гидроксиапатита и трикальцийфосфата в области травматологии и ортопедии, нейрохирургии и ЧЛХ, зарегистрированных на сайте clinicaltirals.gov.</p><p>Цель работы – выявить потенциал клинического применения, а также возможные побочные эффекты КФК в качестве замены костным трансплантатам.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Стратегия поиска заключалась в использовании материала с веб-сайта clinicaltrials.gov, в котором основное внимание уделялось ключевым терминам как: hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, traumatology and orthopedics, maxillofacial surgery, dentistry, neurosurgery, bone, и diseases of the musculoskeletal system.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. К ноябрю 2022 года было зарегистрировано около 85 клинических испытаний по использованию гидроксиапатита, около 49 клинических испытаний по использованию трикальцийфосфата и около 16 клинических работ по использованию комбинации гидроксиапатит/трикальцийфосфат. Большинство исследований относятся к Фазе 1-2, Фазе 2 или Фазе 4. Большинство из них были сосредоточены на таких направлениях как терапия травм большеберцовой кости, остеопороз/остеопения, резорбция альвеолярной кости и хирургия позвоночника. Полноценные результаты были опубликованы только для 12 клинических испытаний по применению гидроксиапатита, трикальцийфосфата и их комбинации (3, 7 и 2). Все клинические испытания имеют схожие методы подготовки, и все из данных клинических испытаний дали положительные результаты без серьезных побочных эффектов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Комбинация гидроксиапатита и трикальцийфосфата имеет множество преимуществ. Использование гидроксиапатита и трикальцийфосфата отдельно или в комбинации не имеет никаких серьезных побочных эффектов. Результаты будущих доклинических и клинических исследований по использованию гидроксиапатита и трикальцийфосфата помогут дополнительно изучить их клинический потенциал.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction To date, a wide variety of synthetic materials, including metals, polymers and ceramics, have been proposed and used as a substitute for bone grafts in the field of traumatology/orthopedics, neurosurgery and oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS). However, the most studied materials are calcium phosphate ceramics (CPC), in particular hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, as well as their mixtures, called byphasic calcium phosphates. This interest stems from the fact that the main component of bone is the apatite mineral calcium phosphate. Hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate are among the most commonly used and effective synthetic substitutes for bone grafts. They have not only osteoconductive properties, but also osteoinductive. These properties, combined with cell-mediated resorption, ensure complete regeneration of bone defects. This study will analyze existing clinical trials, registered on the clinicaltirals.gov website, on the use of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate in the field of traumatology and orthopedics, neurosurgery and OMFS.</p><p>Aim To identify the potential for clinical use, as well as possible side effects, of CPC as a replacement for bone grafts.</p><p>Materials and methods The search strategy was to use material from the clinicaltrials.gov website, which focused on key terms such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, traumatology and orthopedics, maxillofacial surgery, dentistry, neurosurgery, bone, и diseases of the musculoskeletal system.</p><p>Results and discussion As of November 2022, there were approximately 85 clinical trials with hydroxyapatite application, approximately 49 clinical trials with tricalcium phosphate, and approximately 16 clinical trials with the hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate combination. Most of the studies were Phase 1-2, Phase 2, or Phase 4. Most focused on tibial trauma therapy, osteoporosis/osteopenia, alveolar bone resorption, and spinal surgery. It was found that full results were published only in 3, 7 and 2 clinical trials on the use of hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate and their combination, respectfully. All clinical trials had similar preparation methods and all of those clinical trials produced positive results without serious side effects.</p><p>Conclusion There is a wide potential for clinical use of CPC as synthetic bone graft substitutes without reports of serious side effects. Many preclinical and clinical studies are currently underway on the use of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, and their future results will further explore their clinical potential.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гидроксиапатит</kwd><kwd>трикальцийфосфат</kwd><kwd>заболевания опорно-двигательного аппарата</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd><kwd>анализ</kwd><kwd>клинические испытания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydroxyapatite</kwd><kwd>tricalcium phosphate</kwd><kwd>diseases of the musculoskeletal system</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd><kwd>analysis</kwd><kwd>clinical trials</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств Программы стратегического академического лидерства Башкирского государственного медицинского университета (ПРИОРИТЕТ-2030).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salhotra A, Shah HN, Levi B, Longaker MT. 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