genortГений ортопедииGenij Ortopedii1028-44272542-131XЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА10.18019/1028-4427-2021-27-5-514-520genort-2655Research ArticleОригинальные статьиOriginal articlesГематологические особенности у больных ревматоидным артритом при эндопротезировании тазобедренного суставаHematological parameters of rheumatoid arthritis patients undergoing total hip replacementЕршовА. С.ErshovA. S.

Антон Сергеевич Ершов,

Екатеринбург

Anton S. Ershov, M.D.,

Ekaterinburg

drpilulkin@mail.ruАнтроповаИ. П.AntropovaI. P.

Ирина Петровна Антропова, доктор биологических наук,

Екатеринбург

Irina P. Antropova, Doctor of Biological Sciences,

Ekaterinburg

aip.hemolab@mail.ruВолокитинаЕ. А.VolokitinaE. A.

Елена Александровна Волокитина, доктор медицинских наук, 

Екатеринбург

Elena A. Volokitina, Doctor of Medical Sciences,

Ekaterinburg

volokitina_elena@rambler.ruЕвстигнееваЛ. П.EvstigneevaL. P.

Людмила Петровна Евстигнеева, доктор медицинских наук,

Екатеринбург

Ludmila P. Evstigneeva – Doctor of Medical Sciences,

Ekaterinburg

levstigneyeva@mail.ruУральский государственный медицинский университет; Свердловская областная клиническая больница № 1РоссияUral State Medical University; Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1Russian FederationУральский государственный медицинский университет; Институт высокотемпературной электрохимии Уральского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияUral State Medical University; Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of ScienceRussian FederationУральский государственный медицинский университетРоссияUral State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202128102021275514520Copyright © Ершов А.С., Антропова И.П., Волокитина Е.А., Евстигнеева Л.П., 20212021Ершов А.С., Антропова И.П., Волокитина Е.А., Евстигнеева Л.П.Ershov A.S., Antropova I.P., Volokitina E.A., Evstigneeva L.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2655Актуальность

Актуальность. У больных ревматоидным артритом (РА) и исходной анемией могут быть повышены риски развития осложнений после эндопротезирования тазобедренного сустава. Воспалительный процесс при РА является основным фактором, манифестирующим анемию, нейтропению, тромбоцитоз и эозинофилию. Данные изменения показателей крови имеют немаловажное значение для исходов больших ортопедических вмешательств.

Цель

Цель. Определение гематологических особенностей у больных РА, нуждающихся в эндопротезировании тазобедренного сустава (ЭТС), и оценка их связи с кровопотерей при проведении данной операции.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Изучены результаты эндопротезирования тазобедренного сустава у 44 пациентов в возрасте от 41 до 70 лет с III стадией обменно-дистрофического коксартроза (21) и коксартроза на фоне РА (23), пролеченных с 2018 по 2019 год в ГАУЗ СО СОКБ № 1 (г. Екатеринбург). Применены клинический, рентгенологический, компьютерно-томографический, лабораторный и статистические методы исследования. Показатели крови изучали с использованием автоматического гематологического анализатора Sysmex XT-4000i. Для анализа данных использовали программу Statistica. Изучаемые группы сравнивали с помощью непараметрического U-теста Манна-Уитни, для определения связи между показателями использовали расчет коэффициента корреляции Спирмена. Результаты принимались статистически значимыми при р < 0,05.

Результаты

Результаты. До операции не было выявлено существенных различий по общему количеству лейкоцитов, уровню нейтрофилов, лимфоцитов, моноцитов, эозинофилов между основной (РА) и контрольной (ОА) группами. В группе РА обнаружили выраженную тенденцию к снижению эритроцитов и существенное снижение уровня гемоглобина по сравнению с группой ОА. В группе РА количество тромбоцитов было значительно выше, но средний объем тромбоцитов (MPV) – значительно ниже, чем в группе ОА. Через 24 часа после операции в обеих группах значительно повысилось общее количество лейкоцитов, в частности, нейтрофилов, снизилось количество лимфоцитов, эритроцитов, тромбоцитов, уровень гемоглобина, тромбокрит. При этом после операции значимых различий между группами по показателям и белой, и красной крови выявлено не было. Различия между группами по среднему объему тромбоцитов нивелировались, однако количество тромбоцитов в группе РА сохранялось на более высоком уровне, чем в группе ОА. Выводы. В результате исследования было определено, что гематологические особенности, имеющиеся у больных РА, прошедших специализированную предоперационную подготовку, не приводят к повышению уровня кровопотери при операции эндопротезирования тазобедренного сустава. Нивелирование лейкоцитарных показателей в дооперационном и раннем послеоперационном периоде может служить свидетельством отсутствия значимого дополнительного влияния РА на послеоперационный воспалительный процесс.

Background

Background. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and baseline anemia may have an increased risk of complications after total hip replacement (THR). Inflammation in RA is the main factor manifesting anaemia, neutropenia, thrombocytosis and eosinophilia. The changes in blood components are important for the outcomes of major orthopaedic surgery.

The purpose was to identify hematological parameters in RA patients undergoing THR and assess the effect on intraoperative blood loss.

Material and methods

Material and methods. Outcomes of 44 THR patients treated for grade III degenerative coxarthrosis (n = 21, OA group) and RA coxarthrosis (n = 23, RA group) in Ekaterinburg regional hospital № 1 between 2018 and 2019 were reviewed. The patients' age ranged from 41 to 70 years. Clinical, radiological, laboratory examinations, computed tomography and statistical analysis were used for the study. Cell counting was produced with the Sysmex XT-4000i automated hematology system. Statistical analysis was performed using the tools of Statistica software. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used to compare cell counts between the groups. The Spearman Rank correlation was used to analyse the correlation between the the cell counts in the groups. For calculations, a significance level of р < 0.05 was adopted.

Results

Results. There were no significant differences in the preoperative white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil counts between RA and OA groups. The RA group showed an evident decrease in red blood cell (RBC) count and haemoglobin level as compared to OA group. The RA group demonstrated the higher platelet count with mean platelet volume (MPV) being significantly lower than that in the OA group. WBC count, neutrophils, in particular, was shown to increase with lymphocyte, RBC, platelet count and hemoglobin, plateletcrit levels decreased at 24 hours postoperatively. There were no significant differences in WBC and RBC counts in the groups postoperatively. The differences in the MPV were leveled up in the groups with the platelet count being higher in the RA group as compared to the OA group.

Conclusions

Conclusions. Hematological parameters of RA patients who had undergone specific preoperative preparation were not shown to be associated with greater blood loss during hip replacement surgery. The leukocyte count leveled up in the preoperative and early postoperative periods can be indicative of the absence of a significant effect of RA on the postoperative inflammation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.