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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2021-27-1-104-111</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-2609</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзор литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Literature review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Накостный остеосинтез при лечении взрослых пациентов с переломами дистального отдела бедренной кости: история, настоящее, перспективы (обзор мировой литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plate fixation in the treatment of adults with distal femoral fractures: history, present time, and prospects (world literature overview)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5180-0807</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Череватый</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherevatyy</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Череватый Никита Игоревич,</p><p>г. Гатчина</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita I. Cherevatyy, M.D.,</p><p>Gatchina</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sky205@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3705-3280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соломин</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solomin</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соломин Леонид Николаевич - д. м. н., профессор,</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid N. Solomin, M.D., Ph.D., Professor,</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solomin.leonid@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Ленинградской области «Гатчинская клиническая межрайонная больница», Ленинградская область</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gatchina Clinical Interdistrict Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени Р.Р. Вредена» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; &#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics;&#13;
Saint-Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>№ 1 (2021)</issue-title><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>111</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Череватый Н.И., Соломин Л.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Череватый Н.И., Соломин Л.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Cherevatyy N.I., Solomin L.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2609">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/2609</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Лечение пациентов с переломами дистального отдела бедренной кости является актуальной медикосоциальной проблемой, затрагивающей людей всех возрастных категорий. Для лечения подобных повреждений используются все виды остеосинтеза. Однако, несмотря на недостатки, накостная фиксация является наиболее распространенной и развиваемой.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Произвести анализ мировой литературы и обобщить сведения, касающиеся применения накостного остеосинтеза при лечении переломов дистального отдела бедренной кости, определив нерешенные вопросы и перспективные направления.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. При подготовке обзора были использованы следующие поисково-информационные источники: научный поисковый портал PubMed, ресурсы научной электронной библиотеки E-library, издательские продукты (Elsevier, Springer и т.д.), печатные издания Российской Национальной Библиотеки, интернет-портал AO Surgery Reference.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Обзор литературы показал, что важнейшими факторами, которые позволяют повысить качество лечения при использовании накоcтного остеосинтеза, являются миниинвазивный доступ, позволяющий сохранить кровоснабжение костных фрагментов, а также стабильная фиксация пластинами у угловой стабильностью.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Накостный остеосинтез по-прежнему является наиболее предпочтительным при лечении переломов рассматриваемой локализации. В случае наиболее тяжелых переломов, сопровождаемых потерей так называемой медиальной опоры, к которым относятся по классификации АО переломы типов 33-А3, 33-С2 и 33-С3, для достижения стабильного остеосинтеза обсуждается применение не только латеральной, но и медиальной пластины.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Дальнейшее развитие технологии лечения данных повреждений может быть связано с разработкой «анатомичной» медиальной пластинки и способа ее минимально инвазивной установки. Еще более перспективным выглядит разработка латеральной пластины, которая бы обеспечивала стабильность не меньшую, чем при билатеральном остеосинтезе. Несомненно, подобная пластина будет полезна и для реконструктивной ортопедии: для смены метода фиксации после коррекции деформаций и удлинения конечностей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Distal femoral fractures are a challenging medical and social problem as they may occur at any age. All the available osteosynthesis types can be used to treat such injuries. However, despite the disadvantages, fixation with plates has been the most common and developed.</p><p>Aim of study was to analyze the world literature and summarize the information regarding the use of plate fixation in the treatment of distal femoral fractures, identifying unresolved issues and promising directions.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The following sources were used for collecting the information: Pubmed and E-library databases, publications of Elsevier, Springer and other publishing companies, materials of the Russian National Library, AO Surgery Reference on line.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A review of global literature demonstrated that a minimally invasive approach which allows for bone fragment blood flow and stable fixation with a locking compression plate (LCP) are the most important factors that can improve the quality of treatment with plating. Discussion Plate fixation is still the most preferred method in the treatment of distal femoral fractures. In most severe injuries, accompanied by the medial support loss (33–A3, 33–C2 and 33–C3 fracture types according to AO classification), the use of not only the lateral but also the medial plate to achieve stable osteosynthesis has been discussed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Further advance of the technology for treating these injures may be associated with designing an “anatomical” medial plate and a method for its minimally invasive implantation. Development of a lateral plate which could provide the stability similar to bilateral osteosynthesis seems even more prospective. Undoubtedly, such a plate would be useful in limb reconstruction surgery as well, for changing the external fixation to internal one after deformity correction and limb lengthening.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>переломы дистального отдела бедренной кости</kwd><kwd>накостный остеосинтез</kwd><kwd>медиальная и латеральная пластины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>distal femoral fractures</kwd><kwd>unstable fractures</kwd><kwd>plate fixation</kwd><kwd>medial and lateral plate fixation</kwd><kwd>bilateral plate fixation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berner A., Schütz M. Distal Femur Fractures. In: Bone and Joint Injuries. European Manual of Medicine / Eds.: H.J. Oestern, O. Trentz, S. Uranues. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. 2014. P. 297-311. 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