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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genort</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гений ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genij Ortopedii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-4427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-131X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЦЕНТР ИЛИЗАРОВА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18019/1028-4427-2023-29-4-402-409</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">LUEAAK</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">genort-12</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль культуронегативной инфекции в структуре инфекционных осложнений после эндопротезирования коленных суставов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of culture-negative infection among infectious complications after total knee arthroplasty</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5750-4459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любимова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubimova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Валентиновна Любимова – врач-клинический фармаколог</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila V. Lyubimova – Clinical Pharmacologist</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borisova-80@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2083-2424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Божкова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bozhkova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Анатольевна Божкова – доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая отделением</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Bozhkova – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of Department</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">clinpharm-rniito@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9507-9118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пчелова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pchelova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Николаевна Пчелова – врач клинической лабораторной диагностики</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda N. Pchelova – Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadyapchelova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-145X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Преображенская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Preobrazhenskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Васильевна Преображенская – начальник отдела</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Preobrazhenskaya – Head of Department</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alenka_22@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-0197</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любимов</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubimov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Александрович Любимов – врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy A. Lyubimov – Anesthesiologist-resuscitator</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fc@orthoscheb.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный центр травматологии, ортопедии и эндопротезирования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Center for Traumatology, Orthopedics and Arthroplasty</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени Р.Р. Вредена</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>402</fpage><lpage>409</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Любимова Л.В., Божкова С.А., Пчелова Н.Н., Преображенская Е.В., Любимов Е.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Любимова Л.В., Божкова С.А., Пчелова Н.Н., Преображенская Е.В., Любимов Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lyubimova L.V., Bozhkova S.A., Pchelova N.N., Preobrazhenskaya E.V., Lyubimov E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/12">https://www.ilizarov-journal.com/jour/article/view/12</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Диагностика хронической перипротезной инфекции вызывает трудности, когда клиника воспаления перипротезной зоны не подтверждается ростом микроорганизма в исследуемом биоматериале, при этом частота культуронегативной инфекции может достигать 42,1 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Проанализировать исходы двухэтапного лечения хронической перипротезной инфекции коленного сустава в зависимости от этиологии инфекционного процесса.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ исходов лечения 103 пациентов: группа I (n = 30) – отсутствие роста микроорганизмов, группа II (n = 73) – положительный рост возбудителей. Верификация диагноза перипротезной инфекции проводилась по критериям ICM, 2018. Благоприятный исход – отсутствие рецидива инфекции в течение не менее двух лет после реимплантации эндопротеза, артродеза, «жизнь со спейсером» без признаков инфекции.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Доля культуронегативной инфекции составила 29,1 % (n = 30). Пациенты этой группы в 1,5 раза чаще получали антибактериальную терапию на догоспитальном этапе; имели средние уровни СРБ, СОЭ и количество лейкоцитов в суставной жидкости в 1,5-2 раза ниже II группы. Во II группе ведущий патоген – стафилококки (69,8 %), в том числе MRSE – 75 %. Рецидивы инфекции в I группе – 3,4 %, во II – 16,9 % случаев (р = 0,0928), успех двухэтапного лечения – 96,7 % и 74 % соответственно (р = 0,0064).</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Причины отсутствия роста микроорганизмов в биологических материалах – предшествующая антибактериальная терапия, дренирование раны, нарушения правил забора биологического материала, отсутствие сред для роста атипичных микроорганизмов, способность микроорганизмов формировать биопленки на поверхностях имплантов. В сомнительных ситуациях для верификации диагноза и выбора хирургической тактики может помочь экстренное гистологическое исследование измененных тканей во время операции. Результаты мета-анализа (2023) показали, что замена инфицированного эндопротеза более эффективна для лечения культуронегативной инфекции в сравнении с санацией и сохранением эндопротеза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В нашем исследовании частота успеха двухэтапного метода лечения перипротезной коленного сустава с заменой эндопротеза и эмпирической антибактериальной терапией широкого спектра при двухлетнем сроке наблюдения была выше в группе культуронегативной инфекции. Отрицательный результат микробиологического исследования в этой группе, вероятно, обусловлен приемом антибактериальных препаратов до верификации диагноза перипротезной инфекции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction Diagnosis of chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is difficult with the clinical signs of periprosthetic inflammation showing no growth of microorganism in the biomaterial. The frequency of culture-negative infection can reach 42.1 %. The objective of the study was to analyze outcomes of two-stage treatment of chronic PJI of the knee joint depending on the etiology of the infectious process.</p><p>Material and methods A retrospective analysis of outcomes was produced for 103 patients: group I (n=30) showing no growth of microorganisms and group II (n = 73) demonstrating positive growth of pathogens. Knee PJI was diagnosed according to the 2018 ICM criteria. A favorable outcome suggested absence of recurrence for at least two years after reimplantation of endoprosthesis, arthrodesis, “life with a spacer” without signs of infection.</p><p>Results Culture-negative infection was detected in 29.1 % (n = 30). Patients in the group were 1.5 times more likely to receive antibiotic therapy prior to admission and had average levels of CRP, ESR and articular leukocyte count being 1.5-2 times less than those in group II. Staphylococci (69.8 %) including MRSE (75 %) was the leading pathogen in group II. Recurrence of infection was 3.4 % in group I and 16.9 % in group II (p = 0.0928), the two-stage treatment was successful in 96.7 % and 74 %, respectively (p = 0.0064).</p><p>Discussion Causes for the lack of growth of microorganisms in biological materials included previous antibiotic therapy, wound drainage, violations of the rules for sampling of biological material, absence of media for the growth of atypical microorganisms and the ability of microorganisms to form biofilms on implant surfaces. An emergency histological examination of the affected tissues was practical during surgery in doubtful situations for adequate surgical approach. The results of a meta-analysis (2023) showed that the replacement of an infected endoprosthesis was more effective for the treatment of a culture-negative infection compared to debridement and preservation of implant.</p><p>Conclusion The culture-negative infection group in our series showed better success rate of a two-stage treatment of PJI using implant replacement and broad-spectrum empiric antibiotic therapy at a two-year follow-up period. The negative microbiological result in the group could be caused by antibacterial drugs administered prior to diagnosis of PJI.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перипротезная инфекция</kwd><kwd>культуронегативная инфекция</kwd><kwd>культуропозитивная инфекция</kwd><kwd>ревизионное эндопротезирование</kwd><kwd>маркеры воспаления</kwd><kwd>коленный сустав</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>periprosthetic joint infection</kwd><kwd>culture-negative infection</kwd><kwd>culture-positive infection</kwd><kwd>revision arthroplasty</kwd><kwd>inflammation markers</kwd><kwd>knee joint</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reisener M, Perka C. Do Culture-Negative Periprosthetic Joint Infections Have a Worse Outcome Than Culture-Positive Periprosthetic Joint Infections? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 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